Implementation of Human Rights Certification as an Application for the Protection of Human Rights to Workers in the Fisheries Industry
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26555/novelty.v12i2.a18481Keywords:
Certification, Human Rights, Workers, Fisheries IndustryAbstract
Introduction to the Problem: State responsibility is one of the important keys in the life of the state, one of which is in labor affairs. In its implementation, there are several records of human rights violations in the Indonesian Sea, namely Trafficking in Persons, Forced Labor/Slavery, Child Labor, Overtime, and the absence of health insurance.
Objective: This research aims to analyze the regulations in Indonesia concerning the protection of human rights for workers in the fishing industry in Indonesia and whether the Fisheries Human Rights Certification under the Regulation of the Minister of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries Number 35 of 2015 has effectively grant human rights protection to workers in the field of fisheries fishing industry in Indonesia.
Methodology: The research method used is juridical-normative.
Findings: This study indicates that Human Rights Certification in the Fisheries Sector is one solution so that fishing companies meet the Human Rights criteria set by the Government but still need improvement in the context and implementation. Conclusion Research on Fisheries Human Rights Certification has not been effective in protecting workers in the fishing industry from a technical and conceptual perspective. Effectiveness can be improved if there is an evaluation of problems in the form of overlapping authorities between agencies, the seriousness of the Fisheries Human Rights Team in carrying out its authority.
Paper Type: Research Article
References
Adam, L. (2017). Kebijakan Perlindungan Pekerja Perikanan Tangkap Indonesia. Kajian, 21(4), 321–338. https://doi.org/10.22212/KAJIAN.V21I4.782
Alimuddin, S. (2001). Hukum Perikanan di Indonesia. Sinar Grafika.
Allison, E. H. (2011). Should States and International Organizations Adopt a Human Rights Approach to Fisheries Policy? Maritime Studies, 10(2), 95–116.
Braam, D., Zhou, M., & Hantyanto, A. A. (2019). Indonesia’s Fisheries Human Rights Certification System: Assessment, Commentary and Recommendations. International Labour Organization.
DarulÍzain, M. R. D. (2017). Perlindungan HAM Pekerja Sektor Perikanan. Gema Keadilan, 4(1), 128–142. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.14710/gk.4.1.128-142
Darulzain, M. R. D. (2015). Pembebanan Tanggung Jawab Hukum terhadap Multinational Corporations (MNCs) dalam Hukum Internasional. Gema Keadilan, 2(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3592/2
Derman, B., & Ferguson, A. (1995). Human Rights, Environment, and Development: The Dispossession of Fishing Communities on Lake Malawi. Human Ecology, 23(2), 125–142. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01191646
Dharmawirawan, D. A., & Modjo, R. (2012). Identifikasi Bahaya Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja pada Penangkapan Ikan Nelayan Muroami. Kesmas: National Public Health Journal, 6(4), 185. https://doi.org/10.21109/kesmas.v6i4.98
Getchell, M. (2017). International Organization for Migrants, Trafficking Persons in The Finshing Industry. International Conference on Human Rights and Business in The Fishing Industries Held by FIHRSST and Ministry of Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries Republic of Indonesia, 88.
Hakim, A. (2003). Pengantar Hukum Ketenagakerjaan Indonesia. PT. Citra Aditya Bakti.
Imron, M., Nurkayah, R., & Purwangka, F. (2018). Pengetahuan dan Keterampilan Nelayan tentang Keselamatan Kerja di DPP Muncar, Banyuwangi. Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Laut, 1(1), 99–109. https://doi.org/10.29244/core.1.1.99-109
Kirchner, S. (2019). Human Rights and Fishing: A Multidimensional Challenge. Baltic Journal of Law & Politics, 12(1), 155–171. https://doi.org/10.2478/bjlp-2019-0007
Lewis, S. G., Alifano, A., Boyle, M., & Mangel, M. (2017). Human Rights and the Sustainability of Fisheries. In Conservation for the Anthropocene Ocean (pp. 379–396). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-805375-1.00018-0
Nasution, A. S. A. (2019). Perbudakan dalam Hukum Islam. AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.15408/ajis.v15i1.2852
Nowak, M. (2003). Introducon to the Internaonal Human Rights Regime. Brill | Nijhoff.
Nur, M. (2018). Recommendation for Authorization Overlaping of Placement of Indonesian Fishing Vessels Crews Abroad. Jurnal IUS Kajian Hukum Dan Keadilan, 6(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.29303/ius.v6i1.532
Nur, M. (2021). Slavery of Indonesian Migrant Fishers: A Review of Regulation and Its Implementation. Yustisia Jurnal Hukum, 10(2), 145. https://doi.org/10.20961/yustisia.v10i2.53715
Nur, M., & Susanto, M. H. (2021). Certification of Fisheries Human Rights and Its Impact to Protecting the Rights of Fishing Vessel Crew. Legality : Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum, 29(1), 63–81. https://doi.org/10.22219/LJIH.V29I1.14652
Rahmatullah, I. (2018). Human Rights Due Diligence toward the Corporation of Fishery Sector in Indonesia. Proceedings of 1st International Conference of Law and Justice - Good Governance and Human Rights in Muslim Countries: Experiences and Challenges (ICLJ 2017). https://doi.org/10.2991/iclj-17.2018.14
Ratner, B. D., Åsgård, B., & Allison, E. H. (2014). Fishing for justice: Human rights, development, and fisheries sector reform. Global Environmental Change, 27, 120–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2014.05.006
Shalihah, F., & Nur, M. (2021). Human Rights Violation Against the Indonesian Migrant Fisheries Crew in Chinese-Flagged Long Xing Vessel. Yustisia Jurnal Hukum, 10(1), 67. https://doi.org/10.20961/yustisia.v10i1.46515
Simanjuntak, I. K., & Syaputra, M. Y. A. (2019). The Concept of Recovery on Human Rights Due Diligence by Corporation in Indonesia. Proceeding ICOPOID 2019 The 2nd International Conference on Politic of Islamic Development, 1(1), 1–12. http://proceeding.uma.ac.id/index.php/icopoid/article/view/21
Soekarno. (1985). Dasar-Dasar Manajemen, Cetakan XIV. Miswar.
Suwardjo, D., Haluan, J., Jaya, I., & Poernomo, S. H. (2017). Keselamatan Kapal Penangkap Ikan, Tinjauan dari Aspek Regulasi Nasional dan Internasional. Jurnal Teknologi Perikanan Dan Kelautan, 1(2), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.24319/jtpk.1.1-13