Classification of Corn Seed Quality Using Convolutional Neural Network with Region Proposal and Data Augmentation

Abstract

Corn is one of the essential commodities in agriculture. All components of corn can be utilized and accommodated for the benefit of humans. One of the supporting components is the quality of corn seeds, where a specific source has the physiological qualities to survive. The problem is how to get information on the quality of corn seeds at agricultural locations and get information through the physical image alone. This research tries to find a solution to obtain high accuracy in classifying corn kernels using a convolutional neural network because there is a profound training process. The problem with convolutional neural networks is the training process takes a long time, depending on the number of layers in the architecture. This research contributes to increasing the computing time with the proposed contribution by adding Region proposals with a convex hull to use on a custom layer. The method's purpose is a region proposal area with a convex hull to increase the focus on the convolution multiplication process. It affected reducing unnecessary objects in background images. A custom layer architecture by maintaining the priority layer is an option to get a shorter computational time in constructing a model. In addition, the architecture that is made still considers the stability of the training process. The results on the classification of corn seeds are obtained by a model with an average accuracy of 99.01%—the Computational training time to get the model is 2 minutes 30 seconds. The average error value for MSE is 0.0125, RMSE is 0.118, and MAE is 0.0108. The experimental data testing process has an accuracy ranging from 77% -99%. In conclusion, using region proposals can increase accuracy by around 0.3% because focused objects assist the convolution process