Pengaruh variasi luas ujung pipa pada sistem resonansi bunyi kolom udara

Khairil - Anwar, Sparisoma Viridi, Dadi Rusdiana, Ida Kaniawati

Abstract


Abstrak. Kajian fenomena resonansi kolom udara yang ujungnya terbuka sebagian belum pernah ditemukan dalam materi pembelajaran fisika, menyebabkan pengetahuan konsep mahasiswa tentang resonansi kolom udara tidak utuh. Telah dilakukan perancangan alat sederhana dan penyelidikan resonansi sistem kolom udara berdasarkan variasi luas ujung terbuka untuk mengetahui pola hubungan antara variasi luas ujung pipa terbuka dengan frekuensi. Eksperimen ini dilakukan dengan suling pipa PVC tanpa lubang nada yang ditiup dengan alat sederhana yang dirancang sebagai kompresor balon. Sinyal suara yang dihasilkan direkam dengan software Audacity dan kandungan frekuensi harmonik dianalisis dengan algoritima Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). Hasil eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa variasi luas ujung pipa terbuka dari sistem kolom udara berpengaruh terhadap frekuensi bunyi secara logarithmic. Implikasi konsep ini dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan pertimbangan untuk mengembangkan diafragma pengatur luas ujung alat musik tiup sebagai pengatur tuning nada mengingat kebanyakan alat musik tiup tidak memiliki bagian penyetem nada.

Kata kunci: Variasi luas ujung kolom udara dan resonansi.

Abstract. Studies the resonance phenomenon at the open end partially of a pipe never been found in physics learning material, causing the students conceptual about pipe resonance to be incomplete. Simple apparatus and investigation of resonance pipe systems have been carried out based on the variation of open-end area to know the relationship with the frequency using a PVC flute pipe without tone holes and blown with a simple balloon compressor. Sound signals generated are recorded by Audacity software and to analyze the harmonic frequency content using the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm. The results of this study show that the variation wide of the open end of the air column significantly influences the sound frequency as logarithmic. The implication of this concept can be used as a diaphragm to regulates the wide-open end of a wind instrument as a tuning tone.

Keywords: Resonance and Variation of the ends of the air column.


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12928/jrkpf.v7i1.15814

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