Exploring the Role of Theory of Planned Behavior on Covid-19 Vaccination Intention
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12928/jehcp.v11i3.23829Abstract
This study focuses more on identifying the role of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) in predicting public intentions to get the Covid-19 vaccine in Special Region of Yogyakarta. Three hypotheses were then put forward in the form of attitude (H1). Subjective norms (H2) and perceived behavioral control have a positive and significant effect on Covid-19 vaccination intention (H3). By using a quantitative method through a cross-sectional survey approach involving 426 respondents, the results of this study ultimately concluded that Covid-19 vaccination intention was determined by attitudes towards the Covid-19 vaccine (β = 0.447, T-Value = 8,079, p-value = 0.000), subjective norm (β = 0.176, T-Value = 3.271, p-value = 0.001) and perceived behavioral control (β = 0.263, T-Value = 6.348, p-value 0.000). And among the three, attitudes were found to be the strongest and most significant predictor of Covid-19 vaccination intention. Several limitations and suggestions were also proposed in this research.References
Abdulah, D. M. (2021). Prevalence and correlates of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the general public in Iraqi Kurdistan: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Medical Virology, 93(12), 6722–6731. https://doi.org/10.1002/JMV.27255
Al-Amer, R., Maneze, D., Everett, B., Montayre, J., Villarosa, A. R., Dwekat, E., & Salamonson, Y. (2022). COVID-19 vaccination intention in the first year of the pandemic: A systematic review. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 31(1–2), 62–86. https://doi.org/10.1111/JOCN.15951
An, P. Le, Nguyen, H. T. N., Dang, H. T. B., Huynh, Q. N. H., Pham, B. D. U., & Huynh, G. (2021). Integrating Health Behavior Theories to Predict Intention to Get a COVID-19 Vaccine: Health Services Insights, 14, 117863292110601. https://doi.org/10.1177/11786329211060130
Bolatov, A. K., Seisembekov, T. Z., Askarova, A. Z., & Pavalkis, D. (2021). Barriers to COVID-19 vaccination among medical students in Kazakhstan: development, validation, and use of a new COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Scale. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2021.1982280
Boon-itt, S., Rompho, N., Jiarnkamolchurn, S., & Skunkan, Y. (2021). Interaction between age and health conditions in the intention to be vaccinated against COVID-19 in Thailand. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2021.1979378
Breslin, G., Dempster, M., Berry, E., Cavanagh, M., & Armstrong, N. C. (2021). COVID-19 vaccine uptake and hesitancy survey in Northern Ireland and Republic of Ireland: Applying the theory of planned behaviour. PloS One, 16(11), e0259381. https://doi.org/10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0259381
Dash, G., & Paul, J. (2021). CB-SEM vs PLS-SEM methods for research in social sciences and technology forecasting. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 173, 121092. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TECHFORE.2021.121092
Dowdle, T. S., Dennis, J., Nugent, K. M., & Byrd, T. (2021). Intention to Receive COVID-19 Vaccine by U.S. Health Sciences University Employees. Journal of Primary Care and Community Health, 12. https://doi.org/10.1177/21501327211036611
Drążkowski, D., & Trepanowski, R. (2021). Reactance and perceived disease severity as determinants of COVID-19 vaccination intention: an application of the theory of planned behavior. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2021.2014060
Erawan, M. A. S. P., Zaid, Z., Pratondo, K., & Lestari, A. Y. (2021). Predicting Covid-19 Vaccination Intention: The Role of Health Belief Model of Muslim Societies in Yogyakarta. Al-Sihah: The Public Health Science Journal, 13(1), 36–50. https://doi.org/10.24252/AL-SIHAH.V13I1.20647
Fernandes, N., Costa, D., Costa, D., Keating, J., & Arantes, J. (2021). Predicting COVID-19 Vaccination Intention: The Determinants of Vaccine Hesitancy. Vaccines , 9(10), 1177. https://doi.org/10.3390/VACCINES9101161
Gates, A., Gates, M., Rahman, S., Guitard, S., MacGregor, T., Pillay, J., Ismail, S. J., Tunis, M. C., Young, K., Hardy, K., Featherstone, R., & Hartling, L. (2021). A systematic review of factors that influence the acceptability of vaccines among Canadians. Vaccine, 39(2), 222–236. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.VACCINE.2020.10.038
Gerend, M. A., & Shepherd, J. E. (2012). Predicting human papillomavirus vaccine uptake in young adult women: Comparing the health belief model and theory of planned behavior. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 44(2), 171–180. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-012-9366-5
Guaracha-Basáñez, G., Contreras-Yáñez, I., Ãlvarez-Hernández, E., Román-Montes, C. M., Meza-López y OlguÃn, G., Morales-Graciano, M. J., Valverde-Hernández, S. S., Peláez-Ballestas, I., & Pascual-Ramos, V. (2021). COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among Mexican outpatients with rheumatic diseases. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2021.2003649/SUPPL_FILE/KHVI_A_2003649_SM2274.PDF
Hair, Joe F., Sarstedt, M., Hopkins, L., & Kuppelwieser, V. G. (2014). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM): An emerging tool in business research. European Business Review, 26(2), 106–121. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-10-2013-0128
Hair, Joseph F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., & Ray, S. (2021). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) Using R. Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80519-7
Hayashi, Y., Romanowich, P., & Hantula, D. A. (2022). Predicting Intention to Take a COVID-19 Vaccine in the United States: Application and Extension of Theory of Planned Behavior: American Journal of Health Promotion, 089011712110625. https://doi.org/10.1177/08901171211062584
Henseler, J. (2017). Bridging Design and Behavioral Research With Variance-Based Structural Equation Modeling. Journal of Advertising, 46(1), 178–192. https://doi.org/10.1080/00913367.2017.1281780
Henseler, J., Hubona, G., & Ray, P. A. (2016). Using PLS path modeling in new technology research: Updated guidelines. Industrial Management and Data Systems, 116(1), 2–20. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMDS-09-2015-0382
Hossain, M. B., Alam, M. Z., Islam, M. S., Sultan, S., Faysal, M. M., Rima, S., Hossain, M. A., & Mamun, A. Al. (2021). Health Belief Model, Theory of Planned Behavior, or Psychological Antecedents: What Predicts COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Better Among the Bangladeshi Adults? Frontiers in Public Health, 9, 1181. https://doi.org/10.3389/FPUBH.2021.711066/BIBTEX
Husain, F., Shahnawaz, M. G., Khan, N. H., Parveen, H., & Savani, K. (2021). Intention to get COVID-19 vaccines: Exploring the role of attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, belief in COVID-19 misinformation, and vaccine confidence in Northern India. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 17(11), 3941–3953. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2021.1967039
Irfan, M., Shahid, A. L., Ahmad, M., Iqbal, W., Elavarasan, R. M., Ren, S., & Hussain, A. (2022). Assessment of public intention to get vaccination against COVID-19: Evidence from a developing country. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice, 28(1), 63–73. https://doi.org/10.1111/JEP.13611
Jiang, T., Zhou, X., Wang, H., Dong, S., Wang, M., Akezhuoli, H., & Zhu, H. (2021). COVID-19 vaccination intention and influencing factors among different occupational risk groups: a cross-sectional study. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 17(10), 3433–3440. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2021.1930473
Joshi, A., Kaur, M., Kaur, R., Grover, A., Nash, D., & El-Mohandes, A. (2021). Predictors of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance, Intention, and Hesitancy: A Scoping Review. Frontiers in Public Health, 9, 698111. https://doi.org/10.3389/FPUBH.2021.698111/FULL
Kabir, R., Mahmud, I., Chowdhury, M. T. H., Vinnakota, D., Jahan, S. S., Siddika, N., Isha, S. N., Nath, S. K., & Apu, E. H. (2021). COVID-19 Vaccination Intent and Willingness to Pay in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study. Vaccines, 9(5), 429. https://doi.org/10.3390/VACCINES9050416
Knobel, P., Zhao, X., & White, K. M. (2021). Do conspiracy theory and mistrust undermine people’s intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccine in Austria? Journal of Community Psychology, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1002/JCOP.22714
Ko, N. Y., Feng, M. C., Chiu, D. Y., Wu, M. H., Feng, J. Y., & Pan, S. M. (2004). Applying theory of planned behavior to predict nurses’ intention and volunteering to care for SARS patients in southern Taiwan. The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences, 20(8), 389–398. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1607-551X(09)70175-5
Kotta, I., Kalcza-Janosi, K., Szabo, K., & Marschalko, E. E. (2021). Development and Validation of the Multidimensional COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Scale. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2021.2007708
Kwok, K. O., Li, K. K., WEI, W. I., Tang, A., Wong, S. Y. S., & Lee, S. S. (2021). Influenza vaccine uptake, COVID-19 vaccination intention and vaccine hesitancy among nurses: A survey. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 114, 103854. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJNURSTU.2020.103854
Lee, J., & Kang, S. J. (2020). Factors influencing nurses’ intention to care for patients with emerging infectious diseases: Application of the theory of planned behavior. Nursing & Health Sciences, 22(1), 82–90. https://doi.org/10.1111/NHS.12652
Lo, S. Y., Li, S. C. S., & Wu, T. Y. (2021). Exploring psychological factors for COVID-19 vaccination intention in taiwan. Vaccines, 9(7), 773. https://doi.org/10.3390/VACCINES9070764/S1
Lucia, V. C., Kelekar, A., & Afonso, N. M. (2021). COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among medical students. Journal of Public Health (Oxford, England), 43(3), 445–449. https://doi.org/10.1093/PUBMED/FDAA230
Murphy, J., Vallières, F., Bentall, R. P., Shevlin, M., McBride, O., Hartman, T. K., McKay, R., Bennett, K., Mason, L., Gibson-Miller, J., Levita, L., Martinez, A. P., Stocks, T. V. A., Karatzias, T., & Hyland, P. (2021). Psychological characteristics associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and resistance in Ireland and the United Kingdom. Nature Communications 2021 12:1, 12(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-20226-9
Omeish, H., Najadat, A., Al-Azzam, S., Tarabin, N., Abu Hameed, A., Al-Gallab, N., Abbas, H., Rababah, L., Rabadi, M., Karasneh, R., & Aldeyab, M. A. (2021). Reported COVID-19 vaccines side effects among Jordanian population: a cross sectional study. Human Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2021.1981086/SUPPL_FILE/KHVI_A_1981086_SM5775.DOCX
Patwary, M. M., Bardhan, M., Disha, A. S., Hasan, M., Haque, M. Z., Sultana, R., Hossain, M. R., Browning, M. H. E. M., Alam, M. A., & Sallam, M. (2021). Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance among the Adult Population of Bangladesh Using the Health Belief Model and the Theory of Planned Behavior Model. Vaccines 2021, 9(12), 1411. https://doi.org/10.3390/VACCINES9121393
Pereira, B., Fehl, A. G., Finkelstein, S. R., Jiga-Boy, G. M., & Caserotti, M. (2021). Scarcity in COVID-19 vaccine supplies reduces perceived vaccination priority and increases vaccine hesitancy. Psychology & Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1002/MAR.21629
Ratanasiripong, N. T., Sri-Umporn, S., Kathalae, D., Hanklang, S., & Ratanasiripong, P. (2018). Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and factors related to intention to obtain the vaccine among young college women in Thailand Article information. Journal of Health Research, 32(2), 142–151. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHR-01-2018-018
Riou, J., Guyon, H., & Falissard, B. (2016). An introduction to the partial least squares approach to structural equation modelling: a method for exploratory psychiatric research. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 25(3), 220–231. https://doi.org/10.1002/mpr.1497
Rosental, H., & Shmueli, L. (2021). Integrating Health Behavior Theories to Predict COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance: Differences between Medical Students and Nursing Students. Vaccines, 9(7), 795. https://doi.org/10.3390/VACCINES9070783
Schmid, P., Rauber, D., Betsch, C., Lidolt, G., & Denker, M. L. (2017). Barriers of Influenza Vaccination Intention and Behavior – A Systematic Review of Influenza Vaccine Hesitancy, 2005 – 2016. PLOS ONE, 12(1), e0170550. https://doi.org/10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0170550
Sotiriou, E., Bakirtzi, K., Papadimitriou, I., Paschou, E., Vakirlis, E., Lallas, A., & Ioannides, D. (2021). COVID-19 vaccination intention among patients with psoriasis compared with immunosuppressed patients with other skin diseases and factors influencing their decision. British Journal of Dermatology, 185(1), 209–210. https://doi.org/10.1111/BJD.19882
Thaker, J., & Ganchoudhuri, S. (2021). The role of attitudes, norms, and efficacy on shifting covidâ€19 vaccine intentions: A longitudinal study of covidâ€19 vaccination intentions in New Zealand. Vaccines, 9(10), 1142. https://doi.org/10.3390/VACCINES9101132/S1
Tran, Q. A., Nguyen, H. T. T., Bui, T. Van, Tran, N. T., Nguyen, N. T., Nguyen, T. T., Nguyen, H. T., & Nguyen, S. H. (2021). Factors Associated With the Intention to Participate in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Frontline Prevention Activities Among Nursing Students in Vietnam: An Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior. Frontiers in Public Health, 9, 889. https://doi.org/10.3389/FPUBH.2021.699079/BIBTEX
Ullah, I., Lin, C. Y., Malik, N. I., Wu, T. Y., Araban, M., Griffiths, M. D., & Pakpour, A. H. (2021). Factors affecting Pakistani young adults’ intentions to uptake COVID-19 vaccination: An extension of the theory of planned behavior. Brain and Behavior, 11(11), e2370. https://doi.org/10.1002/BRB3.2370
Wang, H., Zhou, X., Jiang, T., Wang, X., Lu, J., & Li, J. (2021). Factors influencing COVID-19 vaccination intention among overseas and domestic Chinese university students: a cross-sectional survey. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2021.1989914
Winter, K., Pummerer, L., Hornsey, M. J., & Sassenberg, K. (2021). Pro-vaccination subjective norms moderate the relationship between conspiracy mentality and vaccination intentions. British Journal of Health Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1111/BJHP.12550
Wong, L. P., Alias, H., Tan, Y. R., & Tan, K. M. (2021). Older people and responses to COVID-19: A cross-sectional study of prevention practices and vaccination intention. International Journal of Older People Nursing, e12436. https://doi.org/10.1111/OPN.12436
Yazdi, M. T., Motallebzadeh, K., Ashraf, H., & Baghaei, P. (2017). A latent variable analysis of continuing professional development constructs using PLS-SEM modeling. Cogent Education, 4(1), 1355610. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2017.1355610
Yu, Y., Luo, S., Mo, P. K., Wang, S., Zhao, J., Zhang, G., Li, L., Li, L., & Lau, J. T. (2021). Prosociality and Social Responsibility Were Associated With Intention of COVID-19 Vaccination Among University Students in China. International Journal of Health Policy and Management, 0. https://doi.org/10.34172/IJHPM.2021.64
Zaid, Z., & Pratondo, K. (2021). Public Perception On COVID-19 Vaccination Intention. International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS), 10(4), 906–913. https://doi.org/10.11591/IJPHS.V10I4.20914
Zaid, Z., Shinta, A., Aufa, M. F., & Pratondo, K. (2021). Norma Sosial dan Pengaruh Sosial terhadap Minat Vaksin Covid-19. JURNAL KESEHATAN PERINTIS, 8(2), 91–99. https://doi.org/10.33653/JKP.V8I2.682
Zhou, M., Zhao, L., Kong, N., Campy, K. S., Wang, S., & Qu, S. (2018). Predicting behavioral intentions to children vaccination among Chinese parents: an extended TPB model. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 14(11), 2748–2754. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2018.1496765