Gambaran peta dukungan sosial pada laki-laki penyintas kanker nasofaring
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26555/jptp.v5i2.26062Keywords:
dukungan sosial, laki-laki dewasa, penyintas kanker nasofaringAbstract
Dukungan sosial sangat dibutuhkan saat seseorang sedang berjuang melawan penyakit yang dideritanya. Selama masa perawatan, pendampingan dan dukungan orang-orang terdekat akan mengurangi beban yang dirasakan oleh pengidap penyakit kronis dan membantu proses penyembuhannya. Bagaimana dukungan sosial yang diterima para penyintas penyakit kronis, dalam hal ini kanker nasofaring menjadi perlu untuk diketahui. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran peta dukungan sosial pada laki-laki penyintas kanker nasofaring. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif dengan rancangan fenomenologis akan digali bagaimana jenis, bentuk dan sumber dukungan sosial yang diterima oleh pasien kanker nasofaring. Partisipan berjumlah empat laki-laki dewasa penyintas kanker nasofaring yang dipilih melalui teknik purposive dan prosedur penentuan partisipan berdasar teori (theory-based). Pengumpulan data menggunakan in depth interview. Teknik analisis data menggunakan model Miles and Huberman. Berdasarkan analisis yang dilakukan, diperoleh hasil yaitu ke empat partisipan menerima semua jenis dukungan sosial berupa emotional atau esteem support, tangible atau instrumental support, informational support dan companionship support. Adapun bentuk emotional atau esteem support dan tangible atau instrumental support adalah pemberian empati, perhatian dan kasih sayang, dukungan finansial dan mendapatkan bantuan pelayanan (jasa). Pada jenis dukungan sosial berupa informational support dan companionship support, terdapat dua bentuk dukungan berupa nasehat atau saran tentang kanker nasofaring, serta informasi tentang pengobatan dan tentang kanker nasofaring. Sementara sumber dukungan sosial utama datang dari keluarga, teman dan kerabat. Tenaga kesehatan dan sesama penyintas adalah juga sumber dukungan sosial bagi penderita kanker nasofaring.
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