The determination of metal content, microbial contamination and dissolution assessment of the ethanol extract of pasak bumi root

Laela Hayu Nurani, Eka Kumalasari, Zainab Zainab, Achmad Mursyidi, Sitarina Widyarini, Abdul Rohman

Abstract


 The Eurycoma longifoliais bitter therefore, to address this problem, it is prepared in a capsule form. The capsule dosage form  must has  the parameters of good quality, thus expected to increase the potential use of biodiversity and the interest of the community in consuming the medicine from the natural materials. The purpose of this research is to get the capsule product of ethanol extract of the Eurycoma longifolia root of quality through the test of total plate value and yeast yeast contamination, the determination of the metal content of Pb, Hg, Cd and the level of flavonoids released in the capsule dissolution test of ethanol extract Eurycoma longifolia root. The result of this research shows that the dissolution efficiency (DE120) capability of ethanol extract of Eurycoma longifolia root is 81,04±2,38%. Test of heavy metal content in capsule of  of ethanol extract of Eurycoma longifolia root found level of Pb equal to 4,132 ppm and not detected content of Cd and Hg in capsule. This indicates that the capsule meets the requirements set by BPOM RI. Tests for total plate numbers (ALT) and yeast capsule ethanol extract of the E. longifolia root were each obtained data of 70 x 102 colonies / g and 4 x 102 colonies / g. It also shows that the capsules meet the requirements by BPOM RI.


Keywords


Eurycoma longifolia Root, capsule, dissolution, microbial contamination, heavy metals

Full Text:

PDF

References


Athimulam, A., Kumaresan, S., Foo, D. C. Y., Sarmidi1, M. R., and Aziz, R. A., 2006, Modelling and Optimization of Eurycoma longifolia Water Extract Production, Food and Bioproducts Processing, 84(C2): 139–149.

Bedir, E., Gazar, H., A., Ngwendson, J., N., and Khan, I., A., 2003, Eurycomaoside: A New Quassinoid-Type Glycoside from The Roots of Eurycoma longifolia, Chem Pharm. Bull, Vol 51, 1301-1303.

Bhat R. dan Karim, A.A., 2010, Tongkat Ali (Eurycoma longifolia Jack): A Review on Its Ethnobotany and Pharmacological Importance, Fitoterapia, 8: 669–679.

BPOM, 2012, Pedoman Teknologi Formulasi Sediaan Berbasis Ekstrak, Vol.1, 10-13, 15.

BPOM, 2014, Peraturan Kepala Badan Pengawasan Obat dan Makanan, Pedoman Pelaksanaan Uji Klinik Obat Herbal, Jakarta

Chen, Y., Wai-Mei Phang, Alan K.-W.Mu, Choon-Keat Chan, Bin-Seng Low, Sreenivasan Sasidharan and Kit-Lam Chan, 2015, Deecreased Expression of Alpha-2-H Sglycoprotein in Thesera of Rat Streated with Extract Eurycoma Longifolia, Frontiers in Pharmacology, Volume 6, 1-6.

DepKes RI, 2000, Parameter standar umum ekstrak tumbuhan obat Edisi I , Direktorat Jenderal Pengawasan Obat dan Makanan, Direktorat Pengawas Obat Tradisional Jakarta.

DepKes RI, 2008, Farmakope Herbal Indonesia, Edisi I, Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, Jakarta, 169

DepKes RI, 2014, Farmakope Indonesia, Edisi V, Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, Jakarta, 59, 1436, 1439.

Djatmiko, M., 2009, Optimasi formulasi pembuatan simplisia, ekstrak dan granul herba seledri (Apium graveolans L.), Disertasi, Pascasarjana Studi Ilmu Farmasi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta.

Hadisoewignyo, L. dan Fudholi, A., 2013, Sediaan Solida, Pustaka Pelajar, Yogyakarta.

Han, Young Min In Sook Kim, Shaheed Ur Rehman, Kevin Choe, and Hye Hyun Yoo, 2015, In Vitro Evaluation of the Effects of Eurycoma longifolia Extract on CYP-Mediated Drug Metabolism, Hindawi Publishing Corporation Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Volume 2015, Article ID 631329, 1-6

Li, Ching-Hao ,Jiunn-Wang Liao, Po-Lin Liao, Wei-Kuang Huang,,Ling-Shan Tse,Cheng-Hui Lin, Jaw-Jou Kang,and Yu-Wen Cheng, 2013, Evaluation of Acute 13-Week Subchronic Toxicity and Genotoxicity of the Powdered Root of Tongkat Ali (Eurycoma longifolia Jack), Hindawi Publishing Corporation, Article ID 102987, 1-11

Novianti, S, 2015, Pemberian ekstrak etanol akar pasak bumi secara oral meningkatkan kadar hormon testosterone tikus wistar jantan tua, Tesis, Program Pasca SarjanaUniversitas Udayana.

Nurani, L. H., Mubarika, S., Pramono, S., dan Mustofa, 2008, Uji kemopreventif ekstrak etanol akar pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack) terhadap kanker payudara pada tikus galur sprangue dawley yang diinduksi 7,12 Dimetilbenz-anthrasen Prosiding Seminar Nasional POKJANAS TOI, Sinergi antara obat herbal dan obat sintesis dalam optimalisasi penyakit,Yogyakarta.

Raini, M., Daroham M., dan Padji L., 2010, Uji Disolusi dan Penetapan Kadar Tablet Loratadin Inovator dan Generik Bermerek, Media Litbang Kesehatan, vol.XX (2), 59-64

Razak, M. F. A., Kofie, E.A., 2011, Toxicity Studies Of Eurycoma, Asian J Pharm Clin Res, 4(3): 1-6.

Rehman, Shaheed Ur., Kevin Choe and Hye Hyun Yoo, 2016, Review on a Traditional Herbal Medicine, Eurycoma longifolia Jack (Tongkat Ali): Its Traditional Uses, Chemistry, Evidence-Based Pharmacology and Toxicology, Molecules Journal, 331(21), 1-31.

Roselyndiar, 2012, Formulasi Kapsul Kombinasi Ekstrak Herba Seledri (Apium graveolens L.) dan Daun Tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis L.), Skripsi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Indonesia

Stahl, E., 1985, Analisis Obat secara Kromatografi dan Mikroskopi, Edisi terjemahan (diterjemahkan oleh Kosasih Padmawinata, Iwang Soediro), ITB press, Bandung, 3-18.

Tee, T.T. dan Azimahtol, H.L.P., 2005, Induction of Apoptosis by Eurycoma longifolia jack extracts, Anticancer Research, vol. 25. 2205-2213.

Teh, C.H., Vikneswaran, M., and Kit, L.C., 2011, Developing a Validated Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometric Method For the Simultaneous Analysis of Five Bioactive Quassinoid Markers For the Standardization of Manufactured Batches of Eurycoma longifolia Jack Extract as Antimalarial Medicaments, Journal of Chromatography A, 1218: 1861–1877.

Tunsirikongkon, A., Pakorn, K., Supawadee, S., Arunporn, I., Narong, S. 2013. Formulation Development of Herbal Capsule Containing Oleoresin of zingiber officinale Extract. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vol 5, Issue 4.

Widiyastuti, L, 2013, Formulasi Granul Kombinasi Ekstrak Terpurifikasi Herba Pegagan (Centella asiatica) dan Herba Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata), Thesis, Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta

Yulistika, M, 2014, Optimasi Pelarut Etanol-Air Sebagai Penyari Flavonoid Total Dalam Pasak Bumi (Eurycoma longifolia, Jack) dengan Metode Simplex Lattice Design (SLD), Skripsi, Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta.




Copyright (c) 2021 Laela Hayu Nurani, Eka Kumalasari, Zainab Zainab, Achmad Mursyidi, Sitarina Widyarini, Abdul Rohman

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.


 
Pharmaciana
ISSN Print: 2088-4559 | ISSN Online: 2477-0256
Website: http://journal.uad.ac.id/index.php/PHARMACIANA
Office: Faculty of  Pharmacy, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan
Jl. Prof. Dr. Soepomo, S.H., Janturan, Warungboto, Umbulharjo, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Kode pos 55164
Email: pharmaciana@pharm.uad.ac.id