ISOLASI DAN AKTIVITAS LARVACIDA MINYAK ATSIRI AKAR (Curcuma mangga, Val.) TERHADAP LARVA Aedes Aegypti DAN PROFIL GC-MS NYA

Abstract

Curcuma mangga, Val. has been recognized as a traditional drug since a long
time ago. The active ingrediences of this plant especially the volatile oil contains
monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. This research was aimed to study about the
larvacide’s activity of the volatile oil Curcuma mangga, Val. rhizome and also to
analyze its chemical compounds using the GC-MS. The volatile oil was isolated from
Curcuma mangga, Val. with steam and water distillation. The test method for larvicide
was done by dissolving the substances into water and added by Tween 20 10% v/v to the
the volatile oil. The concentration of the volatile oil of Curcuma mangga, Val. rhizome
were 100 ppm, 150 ppm, 200 ppm, 250 ppm, 300 ppm, and 350 ppm. The concentration
of positive control “abate†were 0,01 ppm; 0,025 ppm; 0,05 ppm; 0,1 ppm; 0,5 ppm
while as the negative control was Tween 20 solution. The perception time of larvae’s
mortality was 24 hours. The chemical compound of Curcuma mangga, Val. can be
analysed by the GC-MS. Data of larvae’s mortality were used to estimate the values of
LC50 with the probit analyzis method. This study showed that the volatile oil of Curcuma
mangga, Val. have clear-brass colour, bitter taste, typically aromatic like mango,
rendement equal to (1,23 ± 0,029)% v/b and refractive index 1,4881. The value of LC50
for the volatile oil of Curcuma mangga, Val. rhizome is (216,17 ±12,51) ppm while
abate equal to (0,072 ± 0,024) ppm. This finding indicates that abate were more potent
to larvae of Aedes aegypti. The GC-MS showes 30 peaks chromatogram and six peaks
which indicates the possibility of alpha-pinene, camphene, beta-pinene, beta-myrcene,
eukalyptole, ar-turmerone presence.