Gastroprotective effect of Canna edulis Ker. ethanolic extract in piroxicam-induced rats
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12928/pharmaciana.v11i1.18063Keywords:
Canna edulis Ker., ethanolic extract, gastroprotective, piroxicamAbstract
Medications derived from plants and pure natural ingredients have far lower side effects and risks than synthetic drugs. One side effect of piroxicam is irritation of the digestive tract. One of the therapeutic preventions to minimize peptic ulcers was utilizing Canna edulis Ker. This study aims to prove that ethanolic extract of Canna edulis Ker. can be used as an alternative to prevent piroxicam-induced peptic ulcers based on ulcer index parameters and the protection ratio. The rats were divided randomly into 6 groups consisting of 5 rats. The normal group was given food and water. The negative control group was given 0.5% CMC-Na. The extract groups were given various doses of ethanolic extract of Canna edulis Ker. (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg BW). The positive control was given sucralfate at 360 mg/kg BW dose. Rats were treated orally for 14 days. One hour after the treatment on the 14th day, all groups except group I were orally administered with piroxicam dissolved in 0.5% CMC-Na at 1.8 mg/kg BW dose. Twenty-four hours later, animals were sacrificed, dissected, and their stomach organs were removed to analyze its number of ulcers. Ulcer observation was formed by giving a score and protection ratio. The mean ulcer index value was 0.33±0.58 for 50 mg/kg BW and 100 mg/kg BW ethanol extract treatment groups, while the 200 mg/kg BW group showed 0.67±0.58. The protection ratio was 83.33±28.87 in 50 mg/kg BW and 100 mg/kg BW treatment groups, while  66.67±28.87 was shown in the 200mg/kg BW group. Canna edulis Ker. ethanolic extract has the gastroprotective ability by decreasing the index of gastric ulcers and increasing the protection ratio to the stomach of piroxicam-induced rats.
References
Bain, S. (1991). Pathology of the Fischer Rat — Reference and Atlas. Pathology, 23(4), 368. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0031-3025(16)36070-6
Dean, J. R. (2009). Extraction techniques in analytical sciences. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470682494
Ezaki, N., Kato, M., Takizawa, N., Morimoto, S., Nonaka, G., & Nishioka, I. (1985). Pharmacological studies on Linderae umbellatae ramus, IV. Effects of condensed tannin related compounds on peptic activity and stress-induced gastric lesions in mice. Planta Medica, NO. 1(1), 34–38. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-969386
Falcão, H. D. S., Leite, J. A., Barbosa-Filho, J. M., De Athayde-Filho, P. F., Chaves, M. C. D. O., Moura, M. D., Ferreira, A. L., De Almeida, A. B. A., Souza-Brito, A. R. M., Diniz, M. D. F. F. M., & Batista, L. M. (2008). Gastric and duodenal antiulcer activity of alkaloids: A review. In Molecules (Vol. 13, Issue 12, pp. 3198–3223). Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI). https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules13123198
Gusdinar, T., Herowati, R., Kartasasmita, R. E., & Adnyana, I. K. (2009). Synthesis and gastric ulcer protective activity of chlorinated quercetin. Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy, 0(0), 163–169. https://doi.org/10.14499/INDONESIANJPHARM0ISS0PP163-169
Khoiriyah, S. (2014). Uji fitokimia dan aktivitas antibakteri Fraksi etil asetat, Kloroform dan Petroleum eter ekstrak metanol alga coklat Sargassum vulgare dari Pantai Kapong Pamekasan Madura. Alchemy: Journal of Chemistry, 3(2), 133–144
Kingsbury, J. M. (2001). Phytotoxicology. In Casarett & Doull’s (Ed.), Toxicology: the basic science of poisons (pp. 591–603). Macmillan Publishing Co
Kusbandari, A. (2013). Analisis kandungan karbohidrat dan nilai indeks glisemik serta aktivitas anti ulser dan anti kolesterol umbi ganyong (Canna edulis Ker.). Thesis, Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Gadjah Mada
Mishra, T., Das, A., & Sen, A. (2012). Phytochemical screening and in vitro antioxidant profiling of solvent fractions of canna edulis ker gawler. Free Radicals and Antioxidants, 2, 13–20. https://doi.org/10.5530/ax.2012.2.5
Mukhriani. (2014). Ekstraksi, pemisahan senyawa, dan identifikasi senyawa aktif. Jurnal Kesehatan, VII(2), 361–367. https://doi.org/10.17969/agripet.v16i2.4142
O’Leary, K. A., De Pascual-Tereasa, S., Needs, P. W., Bao, Y. P., O’Brien, N. M., & Williamson, G. (2004). Effect of flavonoids and Vitamin E on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) transcription. Mutation Research - Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis, 551(1–2), 245–254. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2004.01.015
Okatiranti. (2011). Pengaruh pemberian ekstrak daun pegagan (Centella asiatica) pada ketahanan mukosa lambung (Gastroprotektif) tikus yang mengalami stres immobilisasi. Majalah Obat Tradisional, 16(2), 2011
Pertiwi, R., Bachri, M. S., & Widyaningsih, W. (2016). Efek gastroprotektor ekstrak etanol umbi garut (Maranta arundinacea L.) terhadap indeks tukak lambung, rasio proteksi, ekspresi protein COX-2 dan gambaran histopatologis lambung pada tikus model tukak lambung. Thesis, Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Ahmad Dahlan.
Saptarini. (2011). Analisis rasio protektif antiulser sari buah pepino solanum muricatum aiton menggunakan mencit sebagai hewan coba. Majalah Obat Kesehatan, 16(2), 75–80
Syahrir, N. H. A., Afendi, F. M., & Susetyo, B. (2016). Efek sinergis bahan aktif tanaman obat berbasiskan jejaring dengan protein target. Jurnal Jamu Indonesia, 1(1), 35–46.
Wallace, J. L., & Vong, L. (2008). NSAID-induced gastrointestinal damage and the design of GI-sparing NSAIDs. Current Opinion in Investigational Drugs (London, England : 2000), 9(11), 1151–1156.
Zhang, J. F., Yan, C. D., Zhang, Y. Q., Gao, W. Z., & Zhai, X. M. (1990). [Effect of scopolia drugs on the gastric mucosal lesion in rats]. Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica, 25(2), 90–94
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with Pharmaciana agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
1.png)
