EFEK EKSTRAK ETANOL GANGGANG HIJAU (Ulva lactuca , L) TERHADAP EKSPRESI COX-2 MIOKARDIUM TIKUS YANG DIINDUKSI ISOPROTERENOL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12928/mf.v16i2.12822Keywords:
COX-2, Ulva lactuca L, isoproterenol, melatoninAbstract
Penyakit kardiovaskuler masih merupakan masalah di Indonesia salah satunya adalah Infark Miokardial Akut (IMA). Patofisiologis AMI karena rective oxigen spesies (ROS) melibatkan stimulasi sitokin pro inflamasi salah satunya adalah interleukin-1 yang berakibat peningkatan ekspresi COX-2. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efek ekstrak etanol ganggang hijau dalam menurunkan ekspresi COX-2 pada tikus IMA yang diinduksi isoproterenol (ISO). Ekstraksi ganggang hijau dengan maserasi menggunakan etanol 96%. Tikus berat 200-250 g dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok masing-masing 6 ekor. Kelompok I kontrol, tikus tidak diberi ISO hanya diberi CMC Na, kelompok II kelompok ISO, tikus diberi CMC Na dan ISO, kelompok III, IV dan V tikus diberi ekstrak etanol ganggang hijau dosis 250, 500 dan 750 mg/KgBB peroral dan kelompok VI diberi melatonin 10 mg/KgBB. Perlakuan ekstrak selama 28 hari. Pada hari ke 29 dan 30 tikus diberi isoproterenol dosis 85 mg/KgBB selama 2 kali pemberian secara subkutan kecuali kelompok I. Pada hari ke 31 tikus diambil organ jantung kemudian dibuat preparat histologis dan dilakukan analisis ekspresi COX-2 dengan metode imunohistokimia dengan antibodi anti COX-2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak etanol ganggang hijau dosis 250, 500 dan 750 mg/KgBB dapat menurunkan ekspresi COX-2 pada tikus yang diinduksi isoproterenol.
References
Abirami RG, Kowsalya S. 2011, Nutrient and Nutraceutical Potentials of Seaweed Biomass Ulva lactuca and Kappaphycus alvarezii. J Agric Sci Technol. 5(1):107–15.
Abd-Ellatef G-EF, Ahmed OM, Abdel-Reheim ES, Abdel-Hamid A-HZ.2017, Ulva lactuca polysaccharides prevent Wistar rat breast carcinogenesis through the augmentation of apoptosis, enhancement of antioxidant defense system, and suppression of inflammation. Breast Cancer Dove Med Press. 9:67–83.
Ahmed OM, Soliman HA, Mahmoud B, Gheryany RR., 2017, Ulva lactuca hydroethanolic extract suppresses experimental arthritis via its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Beni-Suef Univ J Basic Appl Sci. 6(4):394–408.
Anonim. WHO, 2016, | Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) [Internet]. WHO. [dikutip 26 Januari 2017]. Tersedia pada: http://www.who.int/cardiovascular_diseases/en/
Balzer I, Hardeland R., 1996, Melatonin in Algae and Higher Plants - Possible New Roles as a Phytohormone and Antioxidant. Bot Acta. 109(3):180–3.
Carnieto A, Dourado PMM, da Luz PL, Chagas ACP. 2009, Selective Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibition Protects Against Myocardial Damage in Experimental Acute Ischemia. Clin Sao Paulo Braz. ;64(3):245–52.
de Araújo IWF, Rodrigues JAG, Quinderé ALG, Silva J de FT, Maciel G de F, Ribeiro NA, 2016, Analgesic and anti-inflammatory actions on bradykinin route of a polysulfated fraction from alga Ulva lactuca. Int J Biol Macromol. 92:820–30.
Einav R, Israel A. 2007, Seaweeds on the Abrasion Platforms of the Intertidal Zone of Eastern Mediterranean Shores. Dalam: Seckbach J, editor. Algae and Cyanobacteria in Extreme Environments [Internet]. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; [dikutip 13 April 2016]. hlm. 193–207. Tersedia pada: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-1-4020-6112-7_10
El Baky HHA, El Baz FK, El Baroty GS. 2009, Potential Biological Properties of Sulphated Polysaccharides Extracted from the Macroalgae Ulva lactuca L. Acad J Cancer Res. 2(1):01-11.
El Gamal AA. 2010, Biological importance of marine algae. Saudi Pharm J SPJ.;18(1):1–25.
Francis G, Kerem Z, Makkar HPS, Becker K., 2002. The biological action of saponins in animal systems: a review. Br J Nutr. 88(6):587–605.
Gimbrone MA, Topper JN, Nagel T, Anderson KR, Garcia-Cardeña G., 2000, Endothelial dysfunction, hemodynamic forces, and atherogenesis. Ann N Y Acad Sci.;902:230-239; discussion 239-240.
Grimm D, Elsner D, Schunkert H, Pfeifer M, Griese D, Bruckschlegel G, 1998, Development of heart failure following isoproterenol administration in the rat: role of the renin-angiotensin system. Cardiovasc Res. 37(1):91–100.
Hardeland R, Poeggeler B. 2003, Non-vertebrate melatonin. J Pineal Res.;34(4):233–41.
He J, Xu Y, Chen H, Sun P.2016, Extraction, Structural Characterization, and Potential Antioxidant Activity of the Polysaccharides from Four Seaweeds. Int J Mol Sci. 28 17(12).
Kolár J, Machácková I. 2005, Melatonin in higher plants: occurrence and possible functions. J Pineal Res. 39(4):333–41.
Kosik-Bogacka DI, Baranowska-Bosiacka I, Kolasa-Wołosiuk A, Lanocha-Arendarczyk N, Gutowska I, Korbecki J, 2016,. The inflammatory effect of infection with Hymenolepis diminuta via the increased expression and activity of COX-1 and COX-2 in the rat jejunum and colon. Exp Parasitol. 169:69–76.
Liu F, Ng TB. 2000, Effect of pineal indoles on activities of the antioxidant defense enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione reductase, and levels of reduced and oxidized glutathione in rat tissues. Biochim Biol Cell. 78(4):447–53.
Martinez MJA, Olmo LMBD, Benito PB. 2005, Antiviral Activities of Polysaccharides from Natural Sources. Dalam: Atta-ur-Rahman, editor. Studies in Natural Products Chemistry [Internet]. Elsevier; [dikutip 26 Januari 2017]. hlm. 393–418. (Bioactive Natural Products (Part K); vol. 30). Tersedia pada: //www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1572599505800389
Pape C, Lüning K. 2006, Quantification of melatonin in phototrophic organisms. J Pineal Res. 41(2):157–65.
Paredes SD, Korkmaz A, Manchester LC, Tan D-X, Reiter RJ.2009, Phytomelatonin: a review. J Exp Bot. 60(1):57–69.
Pietta PG. Flavonoids as antioxidants. 2000, J Nat Prod. 63(7):1035–42.
Rathore N, John S, Kale M, Bhatnagar D.1998, Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in isoproterenol induced oxidative stress in rat tissues. Pharmacol Res Off J Ital Pharmacol Soc.;38(4):297–303.
Reiter RJ, Tan D-X. 2003, Melatonin: a novel protective agent against oxidative injury of the ischemic/reperfused heart. Cardiovasc Res. 58(1):10–9.
Rishikesh MK, Sadhana SS. 2003, Prostaglandins and cyclooxygenase: Their probable role in cancer. Indian J Pharmacol. 35(1):3.
Robic A, Sassi J-F, Lahaye M. 2008, Impact of stabilization treatments of the green seaweed Ulva rotundata (Chlorophyta) on the extraction yield, the physico-chemical and rheological properties of ulvan. Carbohydr Polym. 74(3):344–52.
Rodrigo R, Libuy M, Feliú F, Hasson D., 2013, Oxidative Stress-Related Biomarkers in Essential Hypertension and Ischemia-Reperfusion Myocardial Damage. Dis Markers.;35(6):773–90.
Sathivel A, Raghavendran HRB, Srinivasan P, Devaki T. 2008, Anti-peroxidative and anti-hyperlipidemic nature of Ulva lactuca crude polysaccharide on D-galactosamine induced hepatitis in rats. Food Chem Toxicol Int J Publ Br Ind Biol Res Assoc.;46(10):3262–7.
Tal O, Haim A, Harel O, Gerchman Y. 2011, Melatonin as an antioxidant and its semi-lunar rhythm in green macroalga Ulva sp. J Exp Bot.62(6):1903–10.
Widyaningsih W, Pramono S, Widyarini S, Sugiyanto S. 2016, Skrining fitokimia ekstrak etanol Ulva lactuca l. dengan metode kromatografi lapis tipis. Media Farm.;13(2):199–211.
Widyaningsih W, Pramono S, Widyarini S, Sugiyanto. 2016, Cardioprotective Effect of Melatonin-Standardized Ethanol Extract of Ulva lactuca L against Acute Myocardial Infarction in Rats Induced by Isoproterenol. Trop J Pharm Res. 15(8):1723–9.
Widyaningsih W, Pramono S, Zulaela, Sugiyanto, Widyarini S. 2017, Protection by Ethanolic Extract from Ulva lactuca L Against Acute Myocardial Infarction: Antioxidant and Antiapoptotic Activities. Malays J Med Sci. 24(6):39–49.
Zhang G-X, Kimura S, Nishiyama A, Shokoji T, Rahman M, Yao L, 2005,. Cardiac oxidative stress in acute and chronic isoproterenol-infused rats. Cardiovasc Res. 1;65(1):230–8.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with Media Farmasi agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
