HUBUNGAN PENGGUNAAN KORTIKOSTEROID DENGAN KEJADIAN INFEKSI PADA PASIEN SINDROM NEFROTIK DI RUMAH SAKIT “X” JAKARTA

Authors

  • Nurhasnah Nurhasnah
  • Ridha Elvina
  • Diana Lestari

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12928/mf.v15i2.12664

Keywords:

Sindrom nefrotik, kortikosteroid, infeksi

Abstract

Kortikosteroid merupakan terapi awal yang direkomendasikan pada pasien sindrom
nefrotik (SN). Penggunaan kortikosteroid jangka panjang dapat meningkatkan risiko
infeksi. Selain itu, SN sendiri juga dapat menyebabkan infeksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan
untuk mendapatkan gambaran demografi, penggunaan kortikosteroid, kejadian infeksi
pada pasien SN dan untuk melihat hubungan penggunaan kortikosteroid dengan
kejadian infeksi. Metoda penelitian yang digunakan adalah case-control study dengan
pendekatan retrospektif. Sebanyak 81 pasien SN selama periode 2014-2016 di Rumah
Sakit X Jakarta memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan pasien SN
terdiri dari 41 pria dan 40 wanita dengan usia 33,01±21,71 tahun. Gambaran
penggunaan kortikosteroid menunjukkan mayoritas pasien SN mendapatkan terapi
kortikosteroid yaitu 61 (75,31%) yang terdiri dari metilprednisolon (40,74%), prednison
(33,34%) dan deksametason (1,23%) dan sebanyak 20 (24,69%) pasien tanpa
kortikosteroid. Infeksi terjadi pada 39 pasien (48,15%) dengan jumlah kasus infeksi
tertinggi adalah infeksi saluran pernapasan akut (21 kasus) diikuti oleh infeksi saluran
kemih (7 kasus). Hasil uji chi-square menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan
antara infeksi dan kortikosteroid (p = 0,401) dengan odds ratio [OR] 1,55 95% CI 0,56-
4,32. Dapat disimpulkan pasien SN yang menerima terapi kortikosteroid cenderung
lebih mudah untuk mengalami infeksi daripada pasien SN yang tidak menggunakan
terapi kortikosteroid.

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Published

2018-09-01

Issue

Vol. 15 No. 2: September 2018

Section

Clinical Pharmacy

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