IDENTIFIKASI RESIDU PESTISIDA ORGANOFOSFAT PADA BAWANG MERAH DI KABUPATEN KULON PROGO

Authors

  • Dian Prasasti Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Yogyakarta
  • Dyah Aryani Perwitasari Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Yogyakarta

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12928/mf.v14i2.11236

Keywords:

organofosfat, bawang merah, Kulon Progo

Abstract

Di Indonesia pestisida organofosfat banyak digunakan pada tanaman buah dan sayuran seperti bawang merah. Pestisida organofosfat mengalami translokasi ke seluruh bagian tanaman sehingga residu pestisida organofosfat dapat tertinggal di umbi bawang merah yang dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat. Di Kabupaten Kulon Progo Provinsi DIY, pestisida organofosfat banyak digunakan terutama oleh petani bawang merah. Metode penelitian menggunakan rancangan observasional dan experimental. Sampel bawang merah diambil dari 10 petani yang tersebar di Kabupaten Kulonprogo. Kuisioner dibagikan kepada petani mengenai jenis pestisida yang digunakan dan waktu diaplikasikan oleh petani serta frekuensi penggunaan pestisida. Penentuan kadar organofosfat dilakukan dengan melakukan proses ekstraksi bawang merah dengan aseton, diklorometan, dan petroleum benzena kemudian dianalisis menggunakan kromatografi gas. Pestisida organofosfat yang diuji residunya adalah diazinon, parathion, ethion, profenofos, malation, dan klorpirifos. Hasil dari kuisioner kepada petani bawang merah, pestisida organofosfat yang digunakan adalah pestisida dengan bahan aktif profenofos dan klorpirifos dengan rata-rata penggunaan 0,5% (v/v) sekali penyemprotan. Hasil analisis residu pestisida organofosfat menunjukkan bahwa sampel bawang merah dari 1 petani mengandung diazinon dengan kadar rata-rata 1,97 ppb. Residu pestisida pada bawang merah dari 9 petani menunjukkan hasil tidak terdeteksi untuk pestisida diazinon, parathion, ethion, profenofos, malation dan klorpirifos. Batas deteksi  (LOD) untuk metode analisis pestisida organofosfat yang digunakan adalah diazinon 3,7 ppb, parathion 6,4 ppb, ethion 4,3 ppb, profenofos 4,8 ppb, malathion 1,24 ppb, dan klorpirifos 0,83 ppb.

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Issue

Vol 14, No 2 : September 2017

Section

Chemistry

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