Are Young Physicians Have Problem in Job Insecurity? The Impact of Health systems' Changes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12928/jehcp.v9i1.15660Abstract
Since 2013 Indonesia has adopted a national health system. This system changes directly affect the professional life of a physician. The system changes often lead to the rise of job insecurity on the individual involved. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of the health system's changes on young physician's job insecurity, based on the perception of payment, autonomy and meaningful work. The results of a literature review indicate that the factors that may affect the emergence of job insecurity are the perception of the payment and perceived autonomy. Research results show that Job Insecurity in physicians directly influenced by the perception of payment, the perception of autonomy and the meaningfulness of work, and then be indirectly affected by the perception of payment, the perception of autonomy with meaningfulness of work as mediation.
Keywords: Job insecurity, perception of payment, perceived autonomy, meaningful work, physician.
References
Adekiya, A. (2015). Perceived Job Insecurity : Its Individual, Organisational and Societal Effects. European Scientific Journal, 1(December), 100–118. https://doi.org/-ISSN 1857- 7431
Bolanowski, W. (2005). Anxiety about Professional Future Among Young Doctor. International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, 1818(44), 367–374.
Briscoe, F., Doef, M. Van Der, Maes, S., Fernet, C., Austin, S., Trépanier, S.-G., … Frank, E. (2013). How do job characteristics contribute to burnout? Exploring the distinct mediating roles of perceived autonomy, competence, and relatedness. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 22(2), 123–137. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2011.632161
Briscoe, J. P., Henagan, S. C., Burton, J. P., & Murphy, W. M. (2012). Coping with an insecure employment environment: The differing roles of protean and boundaryless career orientations. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(2), 308–316. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2011.12.008
Chalofsky, N. E. (2010). Meaningful Workplaces: Reframing How and Where we Work (1st ed.). San Fransisco: A Wiley Imprint.
Collier, R. (2012). Professionalism: assessing physician behaviour. CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l’Association medicale canadienne, 184(12), 1349–1350. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.109-4240
Emanuel, E. J., & Pearson, S. D. (2012). Physician Autonomy and Health Care Reform. JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, 307(4), 367–368. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2012.19
Epstein, R. M., & Krasner, M. S. (2013). Physician resilience: What it means, why it matters, and how to promote it. Academic Medicine, 88(3), 301–303. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0b013e318280cff0
Fairlie, P. (2011). Meaningful Work, Employee Engagement, and Other Key Employee Outcomes: Implications for Human Resource Development. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 13(4), 508–525. https://doi.org/10.1177/1523422311431679
Gask, L. (2004). Powerlessness, control, and complexity: The experience of family physicians in a group model HMO. Annals of Family Medicine, 2(2), 150–155. https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.58
Greenhalgh, L., & Rosenblatt, Z. (1984). Job insecurity - toward conceptual clarity. Academy of Management Review, 9(3), 438–448. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMR.1984.4279673
Greenhalgh, L., & Rosenblatt, Z. (2014). Evolution Research on Job Insecurity. International Studies of Management & Organization Evolution of Research on Job Insecurity, 40(May 2015), 37–41. https://doi.org/10.2753/IMO0020-8825400101
Grignon, M., Paris, V., & Polton, D. (2002). Influence of Physician Payment Methods on the Efficiency of the Health Care System by. Health (San Francisco).
Hashimoto, N. (2006). Professional autonomy. Jmaj, 63(4), 608–615. Diambil dari http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21077385
Kaplan, D. (2009). Determinants of job satisfaction and turnover among physicians., 1–56. Diambil dari papers3://publication/uuid/CD1CE6DD-2FC1-4639-A611-591556E66CA7
Keim, A. C., Landis, R. S., Pierce, C. A., & Earnest, D. R. (2014). Why do employees worry about their jobs? A meta-analytic review of predictors of job insecurity. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 19(3), 269–290. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0036743
Khullar, D., Choksi, D. A., & Kocher, R. (2015). Behavioral Economics and Physician Compensation — Promise and Challenges. The New England journal of medicine, 372(24), 2279–2281. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp1503428
Konig, C. J., Debus, M. E., Hausler, S., Lendenmann, N., & Kleinmann, M. (2010). Examining occupational self-efficacy, work locus of control and communication as moderators of the job insecurity--job performance relationship. Economic and Industrial Democracy, 31(2), 231–247. https://doi.org/10.1177/0143831X09358629
Konrad, T. R., Williams, E. S., Linzer, M., McMurray, J., Pathman, D. E., Gerrity, M., … William E. Scheckler, Judith Van Kirk, E. R. and J. D. (1999). Measuring Physician Job Satisfaction in a Changing Workplace and a Challenging Environment. Medical Care Vol. 37, No. 11, 117401182. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005650-199911000-00010
Kuusio, H., Heponiemi, T., Aalto, A.-M. M., Sinervo, T., & Elovainio, M. (2012). Differences in well-being between GPs, medical specialists, and private physicians: The role of psychosocial factors. Health Services Research, 47(1 PART 1), 68–85. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6773.2011.01313.x
Lin, B. Y., Lin, Y.-K., Lin, C.-C., & Lin, T. (2013). Job autonomy, its predispositions and its relation to work outcomes in community health centers in Taiwan. Health Promotion International, 28(2), 166–177. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/dar091
Lips-Wiersma, M., Wright, S., & Dik, B. (2016). Meaningful work: differences among blue-, pink-, and white-collar occupations. Career Development International, 21(5), 534–551. https://doi.org/10.1108/CDI-04-2016-0052
Loi, R., Lam, L. W., Chan, K. W., & Wai, K. (2012). Coping with Job Insecurity: The Role of Procedural Justice, Ethical Leadership and Power Distance Orientation. Journal of Business Ethics, 108, 361–372. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-011-1095-3
MartÃnez, G., Cuyper, N. D. E., & De Witte, H. (2010). Review of the job insecurity literature : The case of Latin America. Avances en PsicologÃa Latinoamericana, 28(2), 194–204. Diambil dari http://www.scielo.org.co/pdf/apl/v28n2/v28n2a4.pdf
Michaelson, C., Pratt, M. G., Grant, A. M., & Dunn, C. P. (2014). Meaningful Work: Connecting Business Ethics and Organization Studies. Journal of Business Ethics, 121(1), 77–90. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-013-1675-5
Narisada, A., & Schieman, S. (2016). Underpaid but Satisfied: The Protective Functions of Security. Work and Occupations, 43(2), 215–255. https://doi.org/10.1177/0730888415625332
Pienaar, J., De Witte, H., Hellgren, J., & Sverke, M. (2013). The Cognitive/Affective distinction of job insecurity: Validation and differential relations. Southern African Business Review, 17(2), 1–22.
Ran, L. M., Luo, K. J., Wu, Y. C., Yao, L., & Feng, Y. M. (2013). An analysis of china’s physician salary payment system. Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology - Medical Science, 33(2), 309–314. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11596-013-1116-9
Richter, A., Näswall, K., Bernhard-Oettel, C., & Sverke, M. (2013). Job insecurity and well-being: The moderating role of job dependence. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, (August), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2013.805881
Rischatsch, M., & Zweifel, P. (2013). What do physicians dislike about managed care? Evidence from a choice experiment. European Journal of Health Economics, 14(4), 601–613. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10198-012-0405-8
Schlett, C., & Ziegler, R. (2014). Job emotions and job cognitions as determinants of job satisfaction: The moderating role of individual differences in need for affect. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 84(1), 74–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2013.11.005
Sochos, A., Bowers, A., & Kinman, G. (2012). Work stressors, Social Support, and Burnout in Junior Doctors: Exploring Direct and Indirect Pathways. Journal of Employment Counseling, 49(June), 62–73. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-1920.2012.00007.x
Solberg, I., Rø, K., Aasland, O., Gude, T., Moum, T., Vaglum, P., & Tyssen, R. (2012). The impact of change in a doctor’s job position: a five-year cohort study of job satisfaction among Norwegian doctors. BMC Health Services Research, 12(1), 41. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-12-41
Staufenbiel, T., & König, C. J. (2011). An Evaluation of Borg’s Cognitive and Affective Job Insecurity Scales. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 2(20).
Steger, M. F., Dik, B. J., & Duffy, R. D. (2012). Measuring Meaningful Work: The Work and Meaning Inventory (WAMI). Journal of Career Assessment, 20(3), 322–337. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072711436160
Street, D., & Cossman, J. (2009). Autonomy , Satisfaction and Physician Burnout, (1).
Tomioka, K., Morita, N., Saeki, K., Okamoto, N., & Kurumatani, N. (2011). Working hours, occupational stress and depression among physicians. Occupational Medicine, 61(3), 163–170. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqr004
Tyssen, R., Palmer, K. S., Solberg, I. B., Voltmer, E., & Frank, E. (2013). Physicians’ perceptions of quality of care, professional autonomy, and job satisfaction in Canada, Norway, and the United States. BMC Health Services Research, 13(1), 516. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-13-516
UrbanaviÄiÅ«tÄ—, I., BagdžiÅ«nienÄ—, D., LazauskaitÄ—-ZabielskÄ—, J., Elst, T. Vander, & De Witte, H. (2015). The Role of Career Factors in Qualitative and Quantitative Job Insecurity : A Study in Different Organizational Contextz. International Journal of Psychology: A Biopsychosocial Approach, 16. https://doi.org/10.7220/2345-024X.16.2
Vander Elst, T., De Witte, H., & De Cuyper, N. (2014). The Job Insecurity Scale: A psychometric evaluation across five European countries. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 23(3), 364–380. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2012.745989
Warren, M. G., Weitz, R., & Kuhs, S. (1999). The Impact of Managed Care on Physicians, 24(2), 44–56.
Wrzesniewski, A., & Dutton, J. E. (2001). Crafting a job: Revisioning employees as active crafters of their work. Academy of Management Review, 26(2), 179–201. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMR.2001.4378011
Yeoman, R. (2014). Conceptualising Meaningful Work as a Fundamental Human Need. Journal of Business Ethics, 125(2), 235–251. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-013-1894-9
Zwack, J., & Schweitzer, J. (2013). If Every Fifth Physician Is Affected by Burnout, What About the Other Four? Resilience Strategies of Experienced Physicians. Academic Medicine, 88(3), 382–389. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0b013e318281696b