Analisis Resiko Soil Transmitted Helmint di Sekolah Dasar di Kecamatan Padaherang, Kabupaten Ciamis, Jawa Barat
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12928/kesmas.v9i1.2226Abstract
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Abstract
Background: Based on quantity of target at elementry school student’s in helmint elemination program on Health Department Ciamis 2007, prevalence in elementry school at Raja Desa Village are 15%. it’s happen because not health beahaviour and poor sanitation. This research aims is to know a prevalence and risk factor about soil transmitted helminth in elementry school at Padaherang Subdistict.
Method: This research conducted with cross sectional study, using simple random sampling and analysis with Pearson Correlation. Sample size in this research is 364 students from one until four class at 5 elementry school in Padaherang Subdistrict. Feces have been examined with flooting methode using NaCl. This methode can found eggs worm and what spesies they are, but can not examined grade or level of infection. Resembling with collecting feces sample at field, respondence questioned about they’re knowledge, behaviour and environment in home and school.
Result: A student’s positive helminth are 110 from 364, so a prevalence in student at elementry school are 30,21%. From 110 student’s, 58 student infected by Ascaris lumbricoides, 47 student infected Trichuris trichiura and 5 student are multiple infection by both of them. Only knowledge is relationship with infection, behavior, school environment and house environment is not any relationship.
Conclusion: Knowledge is a basic element from behavior, promotion with health education is very important to up level of health. But, it’s not easy, need long time programme to made it succesfuul. Cooperation with all element and sector is needed to elimination this disease.
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Keywords. Ascaris lumbriocoides,Prevalence, Soil transmitted helminth, Elementry school, Trichuris trichiura
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Abstrak
Latar Belakang: Berdasarkan jumlah sasaran siswa sekolah dasar program kecacingan tahun 2007 Dinas Kesehatan Ciamis menyebutkan bahwa prevalensi infeksi cacing usus pada siswa sekolah dasar di Desa Rajadesa sebesar 15%. Hal ini terjadi karena beberapa perilaku tidak sehat yang masih dilakukan dan sanitasi yang buruk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko dan prevalensi kecacingan pada anak-anak SD di Kecamatan Padaherang, Kabupaten Ciamis, Jawa Barat.
Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan studi cross sectional, pengambilan sampel dengan simple random sampling dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan korelasi Pearson. Jumlah Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 364 siswa yang terdiri dari kelas 1 hingga kelas 4 di 5 Sekolah Dasar di Kecamatan Padaherang. Tinja yang telah diperiksa menggunakan NaCldengan metode acak . Metode ini dapat menemukan telur cacing dan jenis cacingnya, tetapi tidak dapat diperiksa kadar atau tingkat infeksi. Selain dengan mengumpulkan sampel tinja di lapangan, responden juga ditanya tentang pengetahuan, perilaku dan lingkungan rumah dan sekolah.
Hasil Penelitian: Dari 364 sampel yang diperiksa 110 sampel positif kecacingan sehingga prevalensi kecacingan pada anak SD di Kecamatan Padaherang sebesar 30,21%. Dari 110 siswa, 58 siswa yang terinfeksi oleh cacing Ascaris lumbricoides, 47 siswa yang terinfeksi Trichuris trichiuradan 5 mahasiswa yang beberapa infeksi oleh keduanya. Hanya pengetahuan yang berhubungan dengan infeksi kecacingan, sedangkan variabel perilaku, lingkungan sekolah dan lingkungan rumah tidak terdapat hubungan.Kesimpulan: Pengetahuan adalah dasar dari perilaku, promosi dengan pendidikan kesehatan sangat penting untuk meniingkatkan kesehatan. Tetapi, itu tidak mudah, butuh waktu lama untuk mensukseskan program tersebut. Kerjasama dengan semua elemen dan sektor sangat diperlukan.
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Kata Kunci: AscarisLumbriocoides, Prevalensi, Soil transmitted helminth, sekolah dasar, Trichuris trichiura.
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