Self-esteem, subjective well-being, and narcissistic behavior among instagram users
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12928/empathy.v7i1.29315Keywords:
Narcissistic behavior, Self-esteem, Subjective well-beingAbstract
The significant number of Instagram users exhibiting narcissistic behavior is a real phenomenon that underpins this study. Factors such as self-esteem and subjective well-being are known to influence narcissistic behavior. The main objective of this research is to empirically examine the relationship between self-esteem and subjective well-being with narcissistic behavior among Instagram users. Using a purposive sampling approach, 503 active Instagram users (aged between 24-45 years) comprised the study population. This research employed a quantitative methodology based on a correlational approach. Data collection instruments included the self-esteem scale, the subjective well-being scale, and the narcissistic behavior scale. Data analysis revealed an R value of 0.823, an F value of 3.021, and a p-value of 0.000 (p<0.01). The results indicate a significant relationship between self-esteem, subjective well-being, and narcissistic behavior. This study highlights the importance of enhancing self-esteem and subjective well-being among social media users to reduce excessive social comparison and envy.
References
Thomas, V. L., Chavez, M., Browne, E. N., & Minnis, A. M. (2020). Instagram as a tool for study engagement and community building among adolescents: A social media pilot study. Digital Health, 6, 205520762090454. https://doi.org/10.1177/2055207620904548
Hu, Y. (2017). What we Instagram: A first analysis of Instagram photo content and user types. Proceedings of the Eighth International AAAI Conference on Weblogs and Social Media, 12(1), 247–260. https://doi.org/10.1609/icwsm.v8i1.14578
Yurdagül, C., Kircaburun, K., Emirtekin, E., Wang, P., & Griffiths, M. D. (2021). Psychopathological consequences related to problematic Instagram use among adolescents: The mediating role of body image dissatisfaction and moderating role of gender. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 19(5), 1385–1397. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-019-00071-8
Indrawan, J., Barzah, R. E., & Simanihuruk, H. (2023). Instagram sebagai media komunikasi politik bagi generasi milenial. Ekspresi dan Persepsi Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 6(1), 109–118. https://doi.org/10.33822/jep.v6i1.4519
Kristinsdottir, K. H., Gylfason, H. F., & Sigurvinsdottir, R. (2021). Narcissism and social media: The role of communal narcissism. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(19), 10106. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph181910106
Lengkong, Y. S., & Dewi, F. I. R. (2021). The influence of narcissism on intensity of Instagram use in Generation Z. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210805.217
Dumas, T. M., Maxwell-Smith, M., Davis, J. P., & Giulietti, P. A. (2017). Lying or longing for likes? Narcissism, peer belonging, loneliness, and normative versus deceptive like-seeking on Instagram in emerging adulthood. Computers in Human Behavior, 71, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.01.037
Kristinsdottir, K. H., Gylfason, H. F., & Sigurvinsdottir, R. (2021). Narcissism and social media: The role of communal narcissism. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(19), 10106. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph181910106
Yurdagül, C., Kircaburun, K., Emirtekin, E., Wang, P., & Griffiths, M. D. (2021). Psychopathological consequences related to problematic Instagram use among adolescents: The mediating role of body image dissatisfaction and moderating role of gender. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 19(5), 1385–1397. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-019-00071-8
Weiser, E. B. (2015). #Me: Narcissism and its facets as predictors of selfie-posting frequency. Personality and Individual Differences, 86, 477–481. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.07.007
Wang, D. (2019). A study of the relationship between narcissism, extraversion, body-esteem, social comparison orientation, and selfie-editing behavior on social networking sites. Personality and Individual Differences, 146(January), 127–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2019.04.012
Fox, J., & Rooney, M. C. (2015). The Dark Triad and trait self-objectification as predictors of men’s use and self-presentation behaviors on social networking sites. Personality and Individual Differences, 76, 161–165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.12.017
Weiser, E. B. (2015). #Me: Narcissism and its facets as predictors of selfie-posting frequency. Personality and Individual Differences, 86, 477–481. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.07.007
Di Giacomo, E., Andreini, E., Lorusso, O., & Clerici, M. (2023). The dark side of empathy in narcissistic personality disorder. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1074558
Engkus, H., & Saminnurahmat, K. (2017). Perilaku narsis pada media sosial di kalangan remaja dan upaya penanggulangannya. Jurnal Penelitian Komunikasi, 20(22), 121–134. https://doi.org/10.20422/JPK.V20I2.220
Smith, R. H., & Kim, S. H. (2007). Comprehending envy. Psychological Bulletin, 133(1), 46–64. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.133.1.46
Higgs, M. (2009). The good, the bad and the ugly: Leadership and narcissism. Journal of Change Management, 9(2), 165–178. https://doi.org/10.1080/14697010902879111
Clarke, I. E., Karlov, L., & Neale, N. J. (2015). The many faces of narcissism: Narcissism factors and their predictive utility. Personality and Individual Differences, 81, 90–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.11.021
Du, H., King, R. B., & Chi, P. (2017). Self-esteem and subjective well-being revisited: The roles of personal, relational, and collective self-esteem. PLoS ONE, 12(8), e0183958. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0183958
Moon, J. H., Lee, E., Lee, J. A., Choi, T. R., & Sung, Y. (2016). The role of narcissism in self-promotion on Instagram. Personality and Individual Differences, 101, 22–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.05.042
Hasanah, R. M., & Tumanggor, R. O. (2023). The relationship of self-esteem to narcissistic behavior in teenagers using TikTok social media during the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Application on Social Science and Humanities, 1(1), 727–735. https://doi.org/10.24912/ijassh.v1i1.25938
Sedikides, C., Rudich, E. A., Gragg, A. P., Kumashiro, M., & Rusbult, C. E. (2004). Are normal narcissists psychologically healthy? Self-esteem matters. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 87(3), 400–416. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.87.3.400
Diener, E. (1984). Subjective well-being. Psychological Bulletin, 95(3), 542–575. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.95.3.542
Diener, E., Oishi, S., & Lucas, R. E. (2015). National accounts of subjective well-being. American Psychologist, 70(3), 234–242. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0038899
Trissandy, A., & Widyastuti, W. (2021). The relationship between subjective well-being and narcissistic behavior in students using Instagram on campus. Academia Open, 4, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.21070/acopen.4.2021.2786
Du, H., Chi, P., Li, X., Zhao, J., & Zhao, G. (2014). Relational self-esteem, psychological well-being, and social support in children affected by HIV. Journal of Health Psychology, 20(12), 1568–1578. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105313517276
Du, H., Li, X., Chi, P., Zhao, J., & Zhao, G. (2018). psychometric properties of the relational self-esteem scale in a community-based sample in China. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 34(3), 154–161. https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000320
Du, H., Li, X., Chi, P., Zhao, J., & Zhao, G. (2018). Psychometric properties of the relational self-esteem scale in a community-based sample in China. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 34(3), 154–161. https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000320
Du, H., Li, X., Chi, P., Zhao, J., & Zhao, G. (2018). Psychometric properties of the relational self-esteem scale in a community-based sample in China. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 34(3), 154–161. https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000320
Raskin, R., & Terry, H. (1988). A principal-components analysis of the narcissistic personality inventory and further evidence of its construct validity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(5), 890–902. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.54.5.890
Donnellan, M. B., Trzesniewski, K. H., & Robins, R. W. (2015). Measures of self-esteem. In Measures of personality and social psychological constructs (pp. 1-15). Elsevier Inc. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-386915-9.00006-1
Oishi, S., Graham, J., Kesebir, S., & Galinha, I. C. (2013). Concepts of happiness across time and cultures. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 39(5), 559–577. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167213480042
Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(6), 1063–1070. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.54.6.1063
Purnamasari, A., & Agustin, V. (2019). Hubungan citra diri dengan perilaku narsisisme pada remaja putri pengguna Instagram di kota Prabumulih. Psibernetika, 11(2), 115–132. https://doi.org/10.30813/psibernetika.v11i2.1438
Donnellan, M. B., Trzesniewski, K. H., & Robins, R. W. (2015). Measures of self-esteem. In measures of personality and social psychological constructs (pp. 1-15). Elsevier Inc. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-386915-9.00006-1
Akhtar, H. (2019). Evaluasi properti psikometris dan perbandingan model pengukuran konstruk subjective well-being. Jurnal Psikologi, 18(1), 29. https://doi.org/10.14710/jp.18.1.29-40
Lyubomirsky, S., & Lepper, H. S. (1999). A measure of subjective happiness: Preliminary reliability and construct validation. Social Indicators Research, 46(2), 137–155. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1006824100041
Purnamasari, A., & Agustin, V. (2019). Hubungan citra diri dengan perilaku narsisisme pada remaja putri pengguna Instagram di kota Prabumulih. Psibernetika, 11(2), 115–132. https://doi.org/10.30813/psibernetika.v11i2.1438
Donnellan, M. B., Trzesniewski, K. H., & Robins, R. W. (2015). Measures of self-esteem. In measures of personality and social psychological constructs (pp. 1-15). Elsevier Inc. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-386915-9.00006-1
Akhtar, H. (2019). Evaluasi properti psikometris dan perbandingan model pengukuran konstruk subjective well-being. Jurnal Psikologi, 18(1), 29. https://doi.org/10.14710/jp.18.1.29-40
Siregar, R. B. S., Rohani, L., & Devianty, R. (2023). Analisis penggunaan media sosial Instagram terhadap komunikasi pembangunan di Kota Medan. Sibatik Journal: Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Sosial Ekonomi Budaya Teknologi dan Pendidikan, 2(3), 1047–1054. https://doi.org/10.54443/sibatik.v2i3.720
Salim, V., Wijaya, A., Veronica, L., Christian, M., & Marpaung, W. (2022). Perilaku narsisme ditinjau dari self-esteem dan subjective well-being pada siswi SMA Sultan Iskandar Muda Medan yang menggunakan akun sosial media. Jurnal Darma Agung, 30(3), 992. https://doi.org/10.46930/ojsuda.v30i3.2195
Bosson, J. K., Lakey, C. E., Campbell, W. K., Zeigler-Hill, V., Jordan, C. H., & Kernis, M. H. (2008). Untangling the links between narcissism and self-esteem: A theoretical and empirical review. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 3(9), 1415–1439. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9004.2008.00089.x
Carone, N., Benzi, I. M. A., Parolin, L. A. L., & Fontana, A. (2023). “I can’t miss a thing” – The contribution of defense mechanisms, grandiose narcissism, and vulnerable narcissism to fear of missing out in emerging adulthood. Personality and Individual Differences, 214(July), 112333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2023.112333
Hasanah, R. M., & Tumanggor, R. O. (2023). The relationship of self-esteem to narcissistic in teenagers using TikTok social media during the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Application on Social Science and Humanities, 1(1), 727–735. https://doi.org/10.24912/ijassh.v1i1.25938
Paramboukis, O., Skues, J., & Wise, L. (2016). An exploratory study of the relationships between narcissism, self-esteem, and Instagram use. Social Networking, 05(02), 82–92. https://doi.org/10.4236/sn.2016.52009
Trissandy, A., & Widyastuti, W. (2021). The relationship between subjective well-being and narcissistic behavior in students using Instagram on campus. Academia Open, 4, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.21070/acopen.4.2021.2786
Yu, E., & Kim, H. C. (2020). Is she really happy? A dual-path model of narcissistic self-presentation outcomes for female Facebook users. Computers in Human Behavior, 108(March), 106328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2020.106328
Hyatt, C. S., Sleep, C. E., Lamkin, J., Maples-Keller, J. L., Sedikides, C., Campbell, W. K., & Miller, J. D. (2018). Narcissism and self-esteem: A nomological network analysis. PLoS ONE, 13(8), e0201088. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0201088
Zajenkowski, M., & Czarna, A. Z. (2015). What makes narcissists unhappy? Subjectively assessed intelligence moderates the relationship between narcissism and psychological well-being. Personality and Individual Differences, 77, 50–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.12.045
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with Empathy: Jurnal Fakultas Psikologi agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.