Self-esteem, subjective well-being, and narcissistic behavior among instagram users

Authors

  • Vinda Herlifa Fasha Universitas Muria Kudus
  • Rr. Dwi Astuti Universitas Muria Kudus

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12928/empathy.v7i1.29315

Keywords:

Narcissistic behavior, Self-esteem, Subjective well-being

Abstract

The significant number of Instagram users exhibiting narcissistic behavior is a real phenomenon that underpins this study. Factors such as self-esteem and subjective well-being are known to influence narcissistic behavior. The main objective of this research is to empirically examine the relationship between self-esteem and subjective well-being with narcissistic behavior among Instagram users. Using a purposive sampling approach, 503 active Instagram users (aged between 24-45 years) comprised the study population. This research employed a quantitative methodology based on a correlational approach. Data collection instruments included the self-esteem scale, the subjective well-being scale, and the narcissistic behavior scale. Data analysis revealed an R value of 0.823, an F value of 3.021, and a p-value of 0.000 (p<0.01). The results indicate a significant relationship between self-esteem, subjective well-being, and narcissistic behavior. This study highlights the importance of enhancing self-esteem and subjective well-being among social media users to reduce excessive social comparison and envy.

References

Thomas, V. L., Chavez, M., Browne, E. N., & Minnis, A. M. (2020). Instagram as a tool for study engagement and community building among adolescents: A social media pilot study. Digital Health, 6, 205520762090454. https://doi.org/10.1177/2055207620904548

Hu, Y. (2017). What we Instagram: A first analysis of Instagram photo content and user types. Proceedings of the Eighth International AAAI Conference on Weblogs and Social Media, 12(1), 247–260. https://doi.org/10.1609/icwsm.v8i1.14578

Yurdagül, C., Kircaburun, K., Emirtekin, E., Wang, P., & Griffiths, M. D. (2021). Psychopathological consequences related to problematic Instagram use among adolescents: The mediating role of body image dissatisfaction and moderating role of gender. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 19(5), 1385–1397. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-019-00071-8

Indrawan, J., Barzah, R. E., & Simanihuruk, H. (2023). Instagram sebagai media komunikasi politik bagi generasi milenial. Ekspresi dan Persepsi Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 6(1), 109–118. https://doi.org/10.33822/jep.v6i1.4519

Kristinsdottir, K. H., Gylfason, H. F., & Sigurvinsdottir, R. (2021). Narcissism and social media: The role of communal narcissism. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(19), 10106. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph181910106

Lengkong, Y. S., & Dewi, F. I. R. (2021). The influence of narcissism on intensity of Instagram use in Generation Z. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210805.217

Dumas, T. M., Maxwell-Smith, M., Davis, J. P., & Giulietti, P. A. (2017). Lying or longing for likes? Narcissism, peer belonging, loneliness, and normative versus deceptive like-seeking on Instagram in emerging adulthood. Computers in Human Behavior, 71, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.01.037

Kristinsdottir, K. H., Gylfason, H. F., & Sigurvinsdottir, R. (2021). Narcissism and social media: The role of communal narcissism. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(19), 10106. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph181910106

Yurdagül, C., Kircaburun, K., Emirtekin, E., Wang, P., & Griffiths, M. D. (2021). Psychopathological consequences related to problematic Instagram use among adolescents: The mediating role of body image dissatisfaction and moderating role of gender. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 19(5), 1385–1397. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-019-00071-8

Weiser, E. B. (2015). #Me: Narcissism and its facets as predictors of selfie-posting frequency. Personality and Individual Differences, 86, 477–481. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.07.007

Wang, D. (2019). A study of the relationship between narcissism, extraversion, body-esteem, social comparison orientation, and selfie-editing behavior on social networking sites. Personality and Individual Differences, 146(January), 127–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2019.04.012

Fox, J., & Rooney, M. C. (2015). The Dark Triad and trait self-objectification as predictors of men’s use and self-presentation behaviors on social networking sites. Personality and Individual Differences, 76, 161–165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.12.017

Weiser, E. B. (2015). #Me: Narcissism and its facets as predictors of selfie-posting frequency. Personality and Individual Differences, 86, 477–481. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.07.007

Di Giacomo, E., Andreini, E., Lorusso, O., & Clerici, M. (2023). The dark side of empathy in narcissistic personality disorder. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1074558

Engkus, H., & Saminnurahmat, K. (2017). Perilaku narsis pada media sosial di kalangan remaja dan upaya penanggulangannya. Jurnal Penelitian Komunikasi, 20(22), 121–134. https://doi.org/10.20422/JPK.V20I2.220

Smith, R. H., & Kim, S. H. (2007). Comprehending envy. Psychological Bulletin, 133(1), 46–64. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.133.1.46

Higgs, M. (2009). The good, the bad and the ugly: Leadership and narcissism. Journal of Change Management, 9(2), 165–178. https://doi.org/10.1080/14697010902879111

Clarke, I. E., Karlov, L., & Neale, N. J. (2015). The many faces of narcissism: Narcissism factors and their predictive utility. Personality and Individual Differences, 81, 90–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.11.021

Du, H., King, R. B., & Chi, P. (2017). Self-esteem and subjective well-being revisited: The roles of personal, relational, and collective self-esteem. PLoS ONE, 12(8), e0183958. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0183958

Moon, J. H., Lee, E., Lee, J. A., Choi, T. R., & Sung, Y. (2016). The role of narcissism in self-promotion on Instagram. Personality and Individual Differences, 101, 22–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.05.042

Hasanah, R. M., & Tumanggor, R. O. (2023). The relationship of self-esteem to narcissistic behavior in teenagers using TikTok social media during the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Application on Social Science and Humanities, 1(1), 727–735. https://doi.org/10.24912/ijassh.v1i1.25938

Sedikides, C., Rudich, E. A., Gragg, A. P., Kumashiro, M., & Rusbult, C. E. (2004). Are normal narcissists psychologically healthy? Self-esteem matters. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 87(3), 400–416. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.87.3.400

Diener, E. (1984). Subjective well-being. Psychological Bulletin, 95(3), 542–575. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.95.3.542

Diener, E., Oishi, S., & Lucas, R. E. (2015). National accounts of subjective well-being. American Psychologist, 70(3), 234–242. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0038899

Trissandy, A., & Widyastuti, W. (2021). The relationship between subjective well-being and narcissistic behavior in students using Instagram on campus. Academia Open, 4, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.21070/acopen.4.2021.2786

Du, H., Chi, P., Li, X., Zhao, J., & Zhao, G. (2014). Relational self-esteem, psychological well-being, and social support in children affected by HIV. Journal of Health Psychology, 20(12), 1568–1578. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105313517276

Du, H., Li, X., Chi, P., Zhao, J., & Zhao, G. (2018). psychometric properties of the relational self-esteem scale in a community-based sample in China. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 34(3), 154–161. https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000320

Du, H., Li, X., Chi, P., Zhao, J., & Zhao, G. (2018). Psychometric properties of the relational self-esteem scale in a community-based sample in China. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 34(3), 154–161. https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000320

Du, H., Li, X., Chi, P., Zhao, J., & Zhao, G. (2018). Psychometric properties of the relational self-esteem scale in a community-based sample in China. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 34(3), 154–161. https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000320

Raskin, R., & Terry, H. (1988). A principal-components analysis of the narcissistic personality inventory and further evidence of its construct validity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(5), 890–902. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.54.5.890

Donnellan, M. B., Trzesniewski, K. H., & Robins, R. W. (2015). Measures of self-esteem. In Measures of personality and social psychological constructs (pp. 1-15). Elsevier Inc. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-386915-9.00006-1

Oishi, S., Graham, J., Kesebir, S., & Galinha, I. C. (2013). Concepts of happiness across time and cultures. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 39(5), 559–577. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167213480042

Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(6), 1063–1070. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.54.6.1063

Purnamasari, A., & Agustin, V. (2019). Hubungan citra diri dengan perilaku narsisisme pada remaja putri pengguna Instagram di kota Prabumulih. Psibernetika, 11(2), 115–132. https://doi.org/10.30813/psibernetika.v11i2.1438

Donnellan, M. B., Trzesniewski, K. H., & Robins, R. W. (2015). Measures of self-esteem. In measures of personality and social psychological constructs (pp. 1-15). Elsevier Inc. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-386915-9.00006-1

Akhtar, H. (2019). Evaluasi properti psikometris dan perbandingan model pengukuran konstruk subjective well-being. Jurnal Psikologi, 18(1), 29. https://doi.org/10.14710/jp.18.1.29-40

Lyubomirsky, S., & Lepper, H. S. (1999). A measure of subjective happiness: Preliminary reliability and construct validation. Social Indicators Research, 46(2), 137–155. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1006824100041

Purnamasari, A., & Agustin, V. (2019). Hubungan citra diri dengan perilaku narsisisme pada remaja putri pengguna Instagram di kota Prabumulih. Psibernetika, 11(2), 115–132. https://doi.org/10.30813/psibernetika.v11i2.1438

Donnellan, M. B., Trzesniewski, K. H., & Robins, R. W. (2015). Measures of self-esteem. In measures of personality and social psychological constructs (pp. 1-15). Elsevier Inc. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-386915-9.00006-1

Akhtar, H. (2019). Evaluasi properti psikometris dan perbandingan model pengukuran konstruk subjective well-being. Jurnal Psikologi, 18(1), 29. https://doi.org/10.14710/jp.18.1.29-40

Siregar, R. B. S., Rohani, L., & Devianty, R. (2023). Analisis penggunaan media sosial Instagram terhadap komunikasi pembangunan di Kota Medan. Sibatik Journal: Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Sosial Ekonomi Budaya Teknologi dan Pendidikan, 2(3), 1047–1054. https://doi.org/10.54443/sibatik.v2i3.720

Salim, V., Wijaya, A., Veronica, L., Christian, M., & Marpaung, W. (2022). Perilaku narsisme ditinjau dari self-esteem dan subjective well-being pada siswi SMA Sultan Iskandar Muda Medan yang menggunakan akun sosial media. Jurnal Darma Agung, 30(3), 992. https://doi.org/10.46930/ojsuda.v30i3.2195

Bosson, J. K., Lakey, C. E., Campbell, W. K., Zeigler-Hill, V., Jordan, C. H., & Kernis, M. H. (2008). Untangling the links between narcissism and self-esteem: A theoretical and empirical review. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 3(9), 1415–1439. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9004.2008.00089.x

Carone, N., Benzi, I. M. A., Parolin, L. A. L., & Fontana, A. (2023). “I can’t miss a thing” – The contribution of defense mechanisms, grandiose narcissism, and vulnerable narcissism to fear of missing out in emerging adulthood. Personality and Individual Differences, 214(July), 112333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2023.112333

Hasanah, R. M., & Tumanggor, R. O. (2023). The relationship of self-esteem to narcissistic in teenagers using TikTok social media during the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Application on Social Science and Humanities, 1(1), 727–735. https://doi.org/10.24912/ijassh.v1i1.25938

Paramboukis, O., Skues, J., & Wise, L. (2016). An exploratory study of the relationships between narcissism, self-esteem, and Instagram use. Social Networking, 05(02), 82–92. https://doi.org/10.4236/sn.2016.52009

Trissandy, A., & Widyastuti, W. (2021). The relationship between subjective well-being and narcissistic behavior in students using Instagram on campus. Academia Open, 4, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.21070/acopen.4.2021.2786

Yu, E., & Kim, H. C. (2020). Is she really happy? A dual-path model of narcissistic self-presentation outcomes for female Facebook users. Computers in Human Behavior, 108(March), 106328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2020.106328

Hyatt, C. S., Sleep, C. E., Lamkin, J., Maples-Keller, J. L., Sedikides, C., Campbell, W. K., & Miller, J. D. (2018). Narcissism and self-esteem: A nomological network analysis. PLoS ONE, 13(8), e0201088. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0201088

Zajenkowski, M., & Czarna, A. Z. (2015). What makes narcissists unhappy? Subjectively assessed intelligence moderates the relationship between narcissism and psychological well-being. Personality and Individual Differences, 77, 50–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.12.045

Downloads

Published

2024-08-16

Issue

Section

Articles