1.png)
Camellia sinensis extract phytosomes inhibit body weight gain in Sprague-Dawley rats
Abstract
A phytosome is a kind of nanovesicle lipids to increase the absorption of active substances. Green tea extract was formulated into phytosome to find out its ability to inhibit weight gain. There were three formulas with thin layer hydration. Furthermore, phytosome complex formation, morphology, particle size, zeta potential, and polydispersity index, and absorption efficiency test were characterized. Phytosomes and green tea extracts were tested for absorption in vitro. A total of 25 rats were divided into five test groups, which were the normal group, placebo group, orlistat group, green tea extract group, and phytosome group. For 8 weeks they were orally induced using 10% of fructose + 2% of cholesterol, and test treatment. The best characteristics of FIII were formed complex, spherical morphology, Dv90 782.67 ± 39.7 nm, polydispersity index of 56 ± 0.11, zeta potential of -70.83 ± 1.67 mV, and adsorption efficiency of 97.77 ± 2.66 %. The test on the animals at week 8 resulted in percentage of weight gain in normal treatment of 46.47 ± 17.48%, placebo of 101.17 ± 10.37%, orlistat of 42.51 ± 25.13%, green tea extract of 92.73 ± 36.43%, and phytosomes of 45.09 ± 15.56%. Green tea extract flux was 2316.2 ± 1309.8 μg/cm2/hour, while phytosome flux was 3125.3 ± 2071.8 μg /cm2/hour. To sum up, phytosomes can inhibit weight gain and are better than to green tea extracts (p < 0.05).
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Ahmad, R. S., Butt, M. S., Sultan, M. T., Mushtaq, Z., Ahmad, S., Dewanjee, S., De Feo, V., & Zia-Ul-Haq, M. (2015). Preventive role of green tea catechins from obesity and related disorders especially hypercholesterolemia and hyperglycemia. Journal of Translational Medicine, 13(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-015-0436-x.
Anand, A., Jasneet, C., Mahajan, A., Sharma, N., & Khurana, N. (2017). Therapeutic potential of epigallocatechin gallate. International Journal of Green Pharmacy, 11(3), 364–368.
Andriany, R. (2015). Preparation of the maltodrekstrinsucinic, polyvinylpyrrolidone and malnitol co-process preparations used in the tablet formulation is quickly destroyed by the active fraction of the Oyong fruit (Luffa acutangula (L) Roxb) as a metabolic antisindrome. Universitas Indonesia.
Anwar, E., & Farhana, N. (2018). Formulation and Evaluation of Phytosome-Loaded Maltodextrin-Gum Arabic Microsphere System for Delivery of Camellia sinensis Extract. Journal of Young Pharmacists, 10(2s), S56–S62. https://doi.org/10.7324/JAPS.2018.8809.
Cai, Z. Y., Li, X. M., Liang, J. P., Xiang, L. P., Wang, K. R., Shi, Y. L., Yang, R., Shi, M., Ye, J. H., Lu, J. L., Zheng, X. Q., & Liang, Y. R. (2018). Bioavailability of tea catechins and its improvement. Molecules, 23(9), 10–13. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23092346.
Dewi, K. (2008). Effect of Green Tea Extract on Weight Loss, Triglyceride Levels and Total Cholesterol in Wistar Strain Rats. Journal of Medical Maranatha, 7(2), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1124/dmd.110.033910.
Fangueiro, J. F., Parra, A., Silva, A. M., Egea, M. A., Souto, E. B., Garcia, M. L., & Calpena, A. C. (2014). Validation of a high performance liquid chromatography method for the stabilization of epigallocatechin gallate. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 475(1), 181–190. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.08.053.
Gadkari, P. V., Shashidhar, M. G., & Balaraman, M. (2017). Delivery of green tea catechins through Oil-in-Water (O/W) nanoemulsion and assessment of storage stability. Journal of Food Engineering, 199, 65–76. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2016.12.009.
Gupta, N. K., & Dixit, V. K. (2011). Development and evaluation of vesicular system for curcumin delivery. Archives of Dermatological Research, 303(2), 89–101. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00403-010-1096-6.
Hodgson, A. B., Randell, R. K., & Jeukendrup, A. E. (2013). Tang & DeRubeis_SuddenGains.pdf. 9, 129–140. https://doi.org/10.3945/an.112.003269.energy.
Koch, W., Kukula-Koch, W., Komsta, Å., Marzec, Z., Szwerc, W., & GÅ‚owniak, K. (2018). Green tea quality evaluation based on its catechins and metals composition in combination with chemometric analysis. Molecules, 23(7), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23071689.
Krook, M. A., & Hagerman, A. E. (2012). Stability of polyphenols epigallocatechin gallate and pentagalloyl glucose in a simulated digestive system. Food Research International, 49(1), 112–116. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2012.08.004.
Kroon, P. A., Clifford, M. N., Crozier, A., Day, A. J., Donovan, J. L., Manach, C., & Williamson, G. (2004). How should we assess the effects of exposure to dietary polyphenols in vitro? The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 80(1), 15–21. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/80.1.15.
Kumar, A., Kumar, B., Singh, S. K., Kaur, B., & Singh, S. (2017). A review on phytosomes: Novel approach for herbal phytochemicals. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 10(10), 41–47. https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i10.20424.
Legeay, S., Rodier, M., Fillon, L., Faure, S., & Clere, N. (2015). Epigallocatechin gallate: A review of its beneficial properties to prevent metabolic syndrome. Nutrients, 7(7), 5443–5468. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu7075230.
Lestari, A., Anwar, E., & Harahap, Y. (2017). Design and Formulation Quercetin Formula In The Phytosomes System as Novel Drug Delivery. International Journal of Chemtech Research, 10(6), 148–151.
Li, F., Gao, C., Yan, P., Zhang, M., Wang, Y., Hu, Y., Wu, X., Wang, X., & Sheng, J. (2018). EGCG Reduces Obesity and White Adipose Tissue Gain Partly Through AMPK Activation in Mice . In Frontiers in Pharmacology (Vol. 9, p. 1366).
Malvern Instruments Ltd. (2015). Basic Guide to Particle Characterization. Inform White Paper, 1–24. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00110a016.
Maryana, W., Rachmawati, H., & Mudakhir, D. (2016). Formation of Phytosome Containing Silymarin Using Thin Layer-Hydration Technique Aimed for Oral Delivery. Materials Today: Proceedings, 3, 855–860. https://doi.org/https: /doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2016.02.19.
Moon, H.-S., Chung, C.-S., Lee, H.-G., Kim, T.-G., Choi, Y.-J., & Cho, C.-S. (2007). Inhibitory effect of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate on lipid accumulation of 3T3-L1 cells. Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 15(11), 2571–2582. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2007.309.
Nagao, T., Hase, T., & Tokimitsu, I. (2007). A green tea extract high in catechins reduces body fat and cardiovascular risks in humans. Obesity, 15(6), 1473–1483. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2007.176.
Patel, J., Patel, R., Khambholja, K., & Patel, N. (2009). An overview of phytosomes as an advanced herbal drug delivery system. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4(6), 363–371.
Puligundla, P., Mok, C., Ko, S., Liang, J., & Recharla, N. (2017). Nanotechnological approaches to enhance the bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy of green tea polyphenols. Journal of Functional Foods, 34, 139–151. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2017.04.023.
Rahmadani, R., Nugroho, R. A., & Sudiastuti. (2015). Effects of Green Tea (Camellia sinensis) and Apple Tea (Mallus sylvestris Mill.) Commercial on the Decrease in Obesity Index and Lipid Profile of Mus Musculus L, Obesity.
Rahmanisa, S., Wulandari, R., Biomedik, B., Kedokteran, F., & Lampung, U. (2007). Effect of Green Tea Extract on Weight Loss in Adolescents. Majority 5, 2, 106–111.
Riskesdas. (2018). Main results of RISKERDAS 2018 Health. 20–21.
Sayama, K., Lin, S., Zheng, G., & Oguni, I. (2000). Effects of green tea on growth, food utilization and lipid metabolism in mice. In Vivo (Athens, Greece), 14(4), 481–484.
Yang, C. S., Zhang, J., Zhang, L., Huang, J., & Wang, Y. (2016). Mechanisms of body weight reduction and metabolic syndrome alleviation by tea. Molecular Nutrition and Food Research, 60(1), 160–174. https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.201500428.
Zheng, G., Sayama, K., & Okubo, T. (2004). Anti-obesity Effects of Three Major Components of Green Tea , Catechins , Caffeine and Theanine , in Mice. In Vivo, 18(1), 55–62.
Zhu, Q. Y., Zhang, A., Tsang, D., Huang, Y., & Chen, Z.-Y. (1997). Stability of Green Tea Catechins. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 45(12), 4624–4628. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf9706080.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12928/pharmaciana.v10i2.16427
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2021 Dwi Kurnia Putri, Iskandarsyah Iskandarsyah, Effionora Anwar
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Office: Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan
Jl. Prof. Dr. Soepomo, S.H., Janturan, Warungboto, Umbulharjo, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Kode pos 55164
Email: pharmaciana@pharm.uad.ac.id